A  N  ;•• 


,  _- . _- _  —  -._--  -Ci'a^a^se'SiigSSftg^gS^S^- - -, 

: 


Words  of  Thought 


BY 

REV.   H.  BRODSKY 

Author  of 

"MBISEY  CHOSHAV" 

Rabbi  in  Newark,  N.  J. 


NEW  YORK 
5668 

_     . 


i 

2 

CONTAINING 
Speaches  and  Teachings  on  Morals 

Lectures  on  Timely  Topics 

and  Many  Brilliant  Sayings  by  the 

Sages  of  the  Talmud 


CONTAINING 

Speeches  and  Teachings  on  Morals 

Lectures  on  Timely  Topics 

and  Many  Brilliant  Sayings  by  the 

Sages  of  the  Talmud 


BY 

REV.   H.  BRODSKY 

Author  of 

"MEISKY  CHOSHAV" 

Rabbi  in  Newark,  N.  J. 


NEW  YORK 

5668 


J.  Aronson,  Printer  and  Stationer,  122  East  Broadway,  N.  Y. 


Annex 

.  •-;    '''• 


CONTENTS 


Table  of  Errors 


The  Time  of  the  Giving  of  the  Law 

A  Sermon  on  Peace  and  Unity 


An  Oration  on  Education 


-    The  Laying  of  the  Corner  Stone 

Treating  on  the  Synagogue  and  Hebrew  Schools 


Dedicational  Sermon 

A  Eulogy  on  Wm.  McKiuley 

A  Letter  of  Condolence  to  Mrs.  McKinley 

A  Letter  to  the  President  Roosevelt 


Two-hundred  and  Fifty  Maxims 

In  Hebrew  with  English  Translation 


TABLE  OF  ERRORS 


PAGE 

LINE 

MISTAKE 

CORRECTION 

a 

7 

Uhto 

Unto 

6 

11 

It 

If 

9 

5 

Have  beheld 

Have  not  beheld 

9 

16 

Filled  violence 

Filled  with  violence 

10 

11 

Childern 

Children 

11 

1 

Never 

Ever 

11 

24 

God—  that 

God;  but  that 

12 

7 

Dwellt 

Dwell 

12 

19 

All  mercy 

All-merciful 

13 

10 

The 

Thy 

13 

11 

Device 

Devise 

15 

2 

Deducted 

Deduced 

16 

5 

Arragant 

Arrogant 

16 

11 

Made 

Unable 

18 

5 

Ingenious 

Detestable 

20 

7     Hu 

manity!  bombas 

tjc    Humanity!  but 

only  bombastic 


fna 


TEXT:    We  have  learned    upon  the  authority     of 
'  Rabbi  Meier  as  follows:  "Why  was  the  Law 

given  to  Israel?  Because  they  were  impudent".  The 
disciples  of  Rav  Meier  taught :  It  is  written  (Deutr. 
XXXIII-2)  "From  His  right  hand  He  gave  a  fiery  Law 
unto  them^"  which  signifies  that  the  recipients  are 
only  fit  fora  fiery  Law."  Said  Rav:  "Their  entire 
Law  (Das)  is  of  fire;  for  were  the  Law  not  given  unto 
Israel  no  nation  would  have  been  capable  of  with- 
standing them."  Rashi's  explanation  of  this  passage 
in  the  Talmud  is  as  follows :  "They  were  impudent 
in  their  wickedness,  therefore,  the  Law  was  given 
unto  them,  in  order  that  they  may  study  it;  thus 
their  might  will  be  weakned  and  their  hearts  made 
tender.  Not  their  entire  Law  (Das)  is  of  fire,  but 
their  custom  is  fiery,  which  is  synonymous  with 

"They  are  themselves  as  fire.'' 

(Tract  Beitza  36) 

The  question  "Why  was  the  Law  given  to  Israel?" 
stands   alone  in   this  one   section   of  the   Babylonian 


4 

Talmud,  nor  can  a  similar  query  be  found  in  any 
Tract  of  the  Babylonian  or  the  Jerusalem  Talmud,, 
nay,  not  even  in  the  Midrashim  (Lectures).  To  the 
thinker,  however,  a  question,  graver  in  its  importance 
and  far  more  reasonable,  would  present  itself,  namely : 
"Can  a  nation,  or  even  a  race,  exist  without  a  Law? 
In  fact,  is  there  a  nation  without  some  code  of  law, 
be  it  ever  so  crude?"  Small  wonder  is  it  indeed,  that  a 
nation  of  men,  just  released  from  the  yoke  of  slavery, 
just  breathing  the  exhilarating  breath  of  liberty  and 
freedom,  should  be  given  a  law  to  govern  their  over- 
flowing spirits  and  receive  a  check  to  their  exhuberant 
feelings.  Astonishing  as  is  the  question  propounded 
by  the  sagesf  still  more  so  is  the  answer.  ''Because 
they  were  impudent!"  thus  implying,  that  had  they 
not  been  impudent,  no  law  would  have  been  given 
them,  which  is  directly  contradictory  to  the  passage 
found  in  Tract  Nedarim  22a,  viz:  "R.Elazarsaidinthe 
name  of  R.  Hanine:  If  Israel  had  not  sinned^  only  the 
Pentateuch  and  the  Book  of  Joshua  would  have  been 
given  them''.  Hence  sin  was  instrumental  in  pro- 
curing for  them  the  Prophets,  the  Hagiographa,  etc, 
(but  not,  as  we  plainly  see  the  Pentateuch,  which  would 
have  been  given  them  even  had  they  not  sinned) 

Leaving  questions,   answers  and  contradictions 


aside,  the  explanation  of  Rashi  furnishes  a  still 
greater  cause  for  astonishment.  In  the  first  instance 
he  adds  to  the  answer  'because  they  were  impudent' 
the  supplementary  term  in  wickedness'  and  then 
calmly  asserts,  that  the  study  (mind  you.  not  the 
f  u  1  f  i  1 1  m  e  n  t)  of  the  law  weakens  might  and  makes 
tender  the  heart.  Not  alone  this,  but  he  even  adds 
boldly  ''Israel's  custom  is  fiery — it  burns!"  Another 
fagot  to  the  auto-da-fe!  Moreover,  this  explanation 
is  in  itself  contradictory  to  the  statement  of  the 
disciples  of  R.  Meier,  who  claimed  that  the  recipients 
of  the  Law  were  fit  only  for  a  fiery  Law.  How  can 
people  whose  custom,  whose  behavior,  is  in  itself 
fiery  be  fit  only  for  a  fiery  law?  Would  this  not  be 
adding  fuel  to  the  flame? 

In  order  more  fully  to  understand  the  purport 
of  the  preceding  argument,  let  us  look  into  the  Jewish 
Law?  its  aims,  its  intent,  its  object,  and  its  foundation. 
Before,  however,  entering  into  the  subject,  we  must 
interlude  the  well-known  narrative  related  in 
Abodah  Zarah  (idolatry),  page  2a,  ameiit  the  passage 
(Deut.  XXXIII-2)  "The  Lord  came  up  fron  Sinai  and 
rose  up  from  Seir  unto  them.  He  shone  forth  from 
Alt.  Paran,  and  He  came  from  among  myriads  of 
Saints,''  "What  business  did  the  Lord  have  in  Seir 


6 

and  in  Paran?"  questions  the  Qemara,  and  the  answer 
is;  "The  Lord  went  to  every  nation  and  to  every 
tongue  and  begged  them  to  accept  the  Scriptures,  but 
they  refused,"  etc.,  etc.  The  conclusion  of  the  nar- 
rative is  as  follows:  ''Infer,  therefore,  that  the  Lord 
finally  took  hold  of  Mount  Sinai,  bent  it  over  as  one 
would  a  vessel,  so  that  it  hung  over  the  heads  of  the 
Israelitesf  and  said:  "If  ye  will  accept  the  Law  it  is 
well — if  not — there  shall  ye  be  buried,"  Naturally, 
there  must  be  some  relation  between  the  narration 
and  the  previous  statement  quoted  in  the  text.  It  all 
the  nations  were  so  loath  to  accept  it,  if  the  Israelites 
were  forced  into  acceptance  on  pain  of  instant  de- 
struction, surely  it  must  have  been  fiery,  terrible, 
aweinspiring.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  we  find  in  Tract 
Megillah  the  surprising  assertion  T  that  notwithstand- 
ing that  dire  threat  the  Israelites  did  not  even  then 
fully  accept  the  Law.  That  even  to  this  day  the 
Law  has  not  yet  been  accepted,  the  following  fact 
cannot  but  prove. 

The  members  of  the  great  Synod,  the  original 
formulators  of  our  present  prayers  and  benedictions, 
were  extremely  cautious  in  presenting  facts  in  their 
proper  light.  For  instance,  in  editing  the  benedic- 
tions for  the  Passover  Festival,  they  used  the  ex- 


pression  'The  Festival  which  their  host  ordained  on 
the  day  we  were  released  from  bondage,'  a  benedic- 
tion strictly  in  accordance  with  facts.  When  editing 
the  benedictions  for  the  feast  of  Tabernacles,  they 
call  it  'the  time  of  our  rejoicing,'  and  rightly  so;  for 
the  express  command  of  the  Law  is  to  rejoice  on  that 
festival.  When  coming  to  the  New  Year  Day,  how- 
ever, notwithstanding  the  fact  that  we  all  believe  it 
to  be  the  day  of  judgment,  that  it  is  generally  ac- 
cepted as  the  day  of  the  creation,  and  celebrated  as 
the  first  day  of  the  year,  they  contented  themselves 
with  designating  it  merely  as  the  day  of  the  sounding 
of  the  trumpet:  not  one  word  is  used  that  would  tend 
to  particularize  any  one  of  the  several  causes  for  its 
celebration.  Then,  arriving  at  the  benedictions  for 
Pentecost,  they  call  that  festival  "the  time  of  the 
giving  of  the  Law,"  but  not  ''of  the  acceptance  of 
the  Law.'  And  why  not  "of  the  acceptance?" 
Simply  and  purely  because  we  have  not  yet  accept- 
ed it. 

This  means  to  say,  that  the  Law  is  still  being 
given.  Still  is  the  mountain  inclined  downward 
upon  us;  still  the  heavenly  voice  is  calling:  "If 
ye  accept  it,  it  is  Wei  1 — i  f  no  t — t  here 
shall  ye  be  buried!"  "There, "not  "here" 


Not  under  this  mountain,  but  then3 — among  the 
nations,  shall  ye  be  buried  1  If  ye  will  accept  it,  ye 
will  be  an  independent  nation^  respected  and  esteem- 
ed by  all  others,  if  ye  will  accept  the  Law,  concern- 
ing which  it  is  written  (Levit.  XXXI-46):  "Which 
the  Lord  made  between  Him  and  the  children  of 
Israel,"  ye  shall  remain  an  independent  nation.  If  ye 
will  not  accept  it.  however,  than  scattered  shall  ye 
be  amongst  the  nations;  your  independence  shall  ye 
forfeit  and  respect  for  you  shall  vanish;  ye  shall  not 
be  as  the  nation  concerning  which  it  is  written 
(Deut.  IV-8),  "And  what  great  nation  is  'there,  that 
has  statues  and  ordinances  so  righteous  as  is  all  this 
Law,"  etc.;  but  ye  shall  become  a  debased  nation,  a 
stubborn  race,  which  shall  not  be  received  among  the 
other  nations  and  no  more  shall  ye  be  called  the 
nation  of  Israel,  nor  shall  your  Law  be  called  the 
law  of  Israel,  but  it  shall  be  known  as  the  custom  of 
Israel  (in  accordance  with  the  explanation  of  Rashi); 
for  it  is  known  in  accordance  with  the  works  of  our 
sages,  as  fish  cannot  exist  without  water,  Israel  can- 
not exist  without  the  Law. 

What  distinction  has  our  Law,  that  is  called  the 
Law  between  tbe  Lord  and  Israel  and  not  between 
the  Lord  and  other  nations?  What  kind  of  Law  is 


it  concerning  which  the  Gemara  states,  that  Satan 
came  to  the  Lord  and  complained,  that  he  had 
scoured  the  heavens,  the  earth,  the  seas,  ye,  even 
Oehanna,  but  always  received  the  reply,  "We  have 
heard  of  it  with  our  ears,  but  with  our  eyes  we  have 
beheld  it".  (Tract  Sabbath  896  ) 

Shall  we  assume  that  the  Law  forbidding  theft, 
robbery,  murder,  i.  e.  all  Laws  of  conscience  are 
meant?  Should  Israel  boast  of  that  Law.  Should 
Israel  pride  itself  on  that  Law  ordaining  which  kind 
of  animals  should  be  eaten  and  which  should  not? 
Which  nation  should  boast  of  such  Laws? 

We  well  know  that  Laws  of  property  have  ex- 
isted since  earliest  days  of  mankind  and  proof  is, 
that  we  find  it  written  (Genesis  VI-13),  "For  the 
earth  was  filled  violence  through  them, "and  immed- 
iately afterwards  the  flood  destroyed  the  inhabitants 
thereof.  Thus  it  is  evident,  that  the  laws  of  owner- 
ship of  property,  etc  ,  cannot  be  distinguishing  feat- 
ures of  Israel's  Law  in  general,  but  that  there  must 
be  some  subtle  thing  which  it  is  difficult  to  observe 
and  is  not  contained  in  the  codes  of  other  races. 

Now  let  us  see  what  that  "subtle  thing''  is. 
After  establishing  all  the  ordinances  regarding  com- 
merce, rights,  property,  diet  and  virtue  in  the  four 


10 

books  preceding  Deuteronomy,  Moses  made  a  most 
salient  feature  of  his  enactment  of  the  proclamation  : 
"Hear  O  Israel!  The  Lord  our  God  is  the  One  Eternal 
Being,"  which  v/as  followed  by  the  injunction,  "And 
thou  Israel,  love  the  Lord  the  God,"  etc.,  and  as  it 
is  known  that  only  an  object  which  can  be  seen  can 
be  loved,  but  not  one  that  cannot  be  seen,  the  words 
of  the  injunction  are  explained  as  follows:  In  a  book 
called  Tana  Der-ai  Eliyaher,  Elijah  says,  Thus  said 
the  Holy  One,  blessed  be  He,  to  Israel :  "My  blessed 
childern!  Do  I  then  lack  anything  which  I  should 
beg  of  you"  which  signifies  "I  am  the  One  Eternal 
Being  who  hath  existed  from  eternity. 

Can  I  then  lack  anything?  Still  I  merely  beg 
of  ye  that  ye  shall  love  one  another,  i.  e.,  although 
I,  who  cannot  derive  any  benefit  from  you  wha- 
tever, nevertheless,  love  you,  so  shall  ye  love  one 
another  unselfishly  and  not  with  an  eye  toward  any 
benefit  which  ye  might  derive  from  one  another. 
Thus  also  shall  ye  esteem  one  another  and  fear  one 
another,  not  with  the  fear  of  harm  and  injury  which 
ye  could  inflict  upon  one  another  but  with  the  awe 
of  respect  and  thoughtfulness". 

Such  a  Law  was  not  to  be  found  among  other 
nations  nor  was  ever  such  an  apparent  impossibility 


11 

never  demanded  of  another  human  race  and  therefore 
when  a  Gentile  who  wished  to  embrace  Judaism 
came  to  Hillel  and  made  his  conversion  conditional 
upon  his  ability  to  learn  the  Jewish  Law  while 
standing  on  one  foot,  and  Hillel  answered  ''That 
which  thou  wouldst  not  have  others  do  unto  thee  do 
thou  not  unto  others!  this  is  the  Law!  all  else  is 
but  a  commentary  upon  it.  Go  and  study." 

Nothing  new  and  remarkable  was  presented  in 
the  o^d  adage  "What  thou  wouldst  not  that  others 
do  unto  thee,"  etc.,  for  that  was  said  fifteen  cen- 
turies prior  even  to  Hillel's  time  by  the  Chinese 
Confucius:  but  that  remarkable  statement  was 
''Go  and  study;  for  all  else  that  is  written  is 
but  a  commentary  to  that  adage".  Upon  this  main 
point,  advanced  by  Hillel,  Rashi  based  his  wonder- 
ful assertion,  that  study  refines  character  and 
makes  tender  the  heart.  Our  sages,  on  the  other  hand, 
planned  to  devise  means  by  which  that  study  could 
be  carried  on,  and  to  that  end  took  as  their  foun- 
dation the  injunction  issued  by  Moses  "  Thou  shalt 
love  the  Lord  thy  God  with  all  thy  heart",  explain- 
ing it  thus: — Not  that  thou  shalt  love  the  Lord  thy 
God,  that  through  thee  and  thy  deeds  God  shall  be 
loved  (Yomah  Alphes  86.) — Immediately  following 


12 

this, the  manner  in  which  this  should  be  accomplished  is 
treated  upon,  namely :  Thy  dealings  with  thy  fellow- 
man  should  be  conducted  with  honesty  and  fairness 
and  thy  transactions  with  all  creatures  shall  be  car- 
ried on  in  peace  and  love.  Elaborate  illustrations  of 
humanity,  brotherly  love  and  charity  are  then  ren- 
dered and  dwell  upon  at  length  by  reference  to  the 
Tract  mentioned  and  more  especially  to  Yalkut 
Shimoni  1838.  Note  the  conclusion  however  of  the 
entire  passage;  it  is  characteristic  and  reads  as  fol- 
lows: In  order  that  men  might  say  "Well  is  it  to 
him  who  had  studied  the  Law  and  woe  is  to  him 
who  hath  not". 

When  the  sages  arrived  at  the  passage  (Deut  XI, 
22)"  Love  the  Lord  your  God,  to  walk  in  all  his  ways, 
and  to  cleave  unto  him"  they  immediately  asked, 
"How  can  this  be  done, — how  can  a  man  cleave  unto 
the  Shechina?"  The  answer  was  ;  ''thou  shalt  cleave 
unto  His  ways,  as  he  is  all  mercy  in  accordance  with 
the  previous  statement  made  by  him.  "Do  I  then 
lack  anything?"  He  is  long  suffering,  doing  good 
unto  others,  so  shalt  thou  also  be  merciful,  long  suffer- 
ing and  beneficient,  which  signifies,  that  all  thy 
ways  shall  be  radiant  with  mercy  and  not  permeated 
with  selfishness,  for  tyranny  is  prohibited  towards  all 


13 

creatures  and  not  alone  toward  thy  fellow-man.  For 
that  reason  the  sages  continue  by  saying:  "Thou 
shalt  honor  every  man  (Tract  Derech  Eretz  Ch  1). 
"If  thou  hast  done  much  good^"  it  is  said  further  "let 
it  be  in  thine  eyes  as  if  thou  hast  done  but  little ;  for  the 
beneficiary  being  thy  equal,  thou  canst  not  say  that 
thou  hast  done  too  much  for  him.  The  honor  of  man 
is  so  great,  that  whatever  thou  canst  do  for  him  with- 
out injury  to  thyself,  it  is  thy  duty  to  do;  therefore, 
if  thon  wouldst  draw  nigh  unto  the  affection  of  the 
f  ellowman,  thou  must  go  and  discuss,  plan,  device,  and 
deliberate  upon  the  means  with  which  thou  canst 
benefit  him;  i.e.?  it  is  not  enough  if  thou  hast  done 
anything  for  him  to  think  that  he  was  benefited 
thereby,  but  thou  must  consider  with  others  what  will 
be  best  for  him  and  in  which  manner  thou  canst  best 
benefit  him."  Concluding  they  say,  that  the  man  who 
is  constantly  seeking  and  striving  for  peace,  whose 
salutation  is  peace  and  whose  farewell  is  peace,  the 
Holy  One,  blessed  be  He,  will  give  him  for  his  inherit- 
ance both  this  world  and  the  world  to  come. 

The  same  remarks  may  be  found  in  Tract  Bera- 
choth  (17a) :  An  old  adage  constantly  in  Abaye's 
mouth  and  related  by  him  not  in  the  idiom  remarks 
of  the  day,  but  in  pure  ancient  Hebrew  was :  ''A  man 


14 

must  always  be  alert  concerning  the  fear  of  the 
Lord.  His  answer  to  all  must  be  mild;  with  his  an- 
swer he  must  pacify  the  anger  of  another.  He  must 
speak  peacefully  with  all  men.  even  with  the  stranger 
in  the  markets^  in  order  that  he  may  be  beloved  above, 
(i.  e.)  by  his  inferior  who  cannot  comprehend  his  eru- 
dition, but  likes  his  manners),  and  be  agreeable  to  all 
mankind." 

Such  is  the  Law  which  the  Lord  gave  to  Israel 
through  Moses,  and  which  cannot  but  be  a  source  of 
pride  and  a  mark  of  distinction  above  all  other  na- 
tions; for  no  race,  no  tongue,  has  received  it  prior  to 
the  time  of  Moses,  and  only  since  then  have  others 
accepted  part  of  this  code  of  ethics  and  embodied  it 
in  their  social  laws. 

As  a  matter  of  course,  the  study  of  such  a  law 
and  the  observance  of  its  behests  would  lead  to  the 
weakening  of  impudence,  to  the  abrogation  of  arro- 
gance, to  the  downfall  of  egotism,  and  by  creating 
the  self-respect  necessary  to  the  welfare  of  every  man 
elicit  respect  from  others. 

And  thus  R.  Meier  was  induced  to  propound  the 
question.  "Why  was  the  Law  given  to  Israel?"  i.  e. 
why  were  just  the  Israelites  compelled  under  pain  of 
instant  destruction  to  accept  the  Law,  and  why 


15 

were  not  the  other  nations  forced  to  accept  it? 

An  answer  to  this  query  could  be  deducted  from 
a  saying  in  the  Talmud.  Rabbi  Shimeon  Ben  Lakish 
characterizes  Israel  as  a  nation  that  predominates 
over  all  other  nations.  Israel  as  a  nation  has  a  pre- 
abundance  of  energy  and  innate  pride,  and  his  imme- 
diate ambition  is  to  be  on  a  higher  plane  and 
constantly  superior  to  his  fellow  men.  This,  our  sages 
consider  as  detrimental  to  the  welfare  of  all  other 
nations,  and  therefore  was  the  Law  given  unto  Israel. 
The  Law  instills  brotherly  love  to  our  fellow  man, 
refines  character  and  makes  tender  the  heart.  If 
the  Law  were  not  given  unto  Israel  other  nations 
would  not  be  able  to  exist. 

Let  us  now  proceed  and  investigate  whether 
this  Law  has  really  been  accepted;  whether  we 
truly  study  it  and  whether  indeed  our  pride  and 
ambition  have  been  lessened  thereby  ?  Did  not  our 
sages  themselves  say  2000  years  after  the  Law  was 
given,  that  Israel  has  still  the  same  characteristic 
against  which  the  Law  was  given  unto  him  ?  Thus 
we  see,  that  the  main  object  of  the  giving  of  the 
Law  was  not  by  any  means  accomplished,  for  we 
are  still  the  most  arrogant  among  all  others,  and 
small  wonder  is  it;  if  our  arrogance  is  to  be  lessened, 


if  our  impudence  is  to  be  lowered,  we  must  study 
the  Law ;  but  do  we  really  study  it  ? 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  is  this  not  all  trash  ?  How 
arrogant  are  our  wealthy  men  ?  How  arrogant  our 
Ministers!  How  arragant  our  officials  and  leaders f 
How  impudent  oar  Authors!  our  editors,  and  how 
impudent  our  poor  men!  Now,  then  where  is  our 
Law?  Were  then  not  our  sages  correct  when  they 
said,  that  Satan  sought  in  every  corner  of  the 
world,  in  the  earth  and  in  the  sea5  everywhere, 
for  the  Law  and  was  made  to  find  it.  Indeed 
if  we  commence  to  seek  for  it  among  all  our 
different  sects  we  shall  find  neither  the  time,  the 
Law  nor  those  that  study  it.  If  we  should  seek 
it  among  our  orthodox,  among  our  conservative, 
we  will  find  that  they  fear  it,  that  it  inspires 
them  with  awe,  but  not  that  they  observe  it  or 
that  they  study  it.  If  we  seek  it  among  our 
reformers  we  will  find  the  laws  of  Protestanism, 
Catholicism,  Buddhism,  Mohammedanism,  etc.,  but 
not  the  Law  given  on  or  beneath  the  mountain, 
not  the  Law  of  Moses  not  the  Law  of  the  Talmud 
as  pictured  previously ;  not  the  Law  that  lessens 
arrogance,  or  softens  the  heart. 

In  the  extremes  of    Israel's  faith   (between    or- 


17 

thodox  and  reform)  there  are  "great  searchings  of 
heart  (Judges  B-16)  which  signifies  that  each  sect 
if  that  they  can  be  called,  holds  up  an  altar  for 
itself  and  says  "This  is  the  Law  which  we  retain 
as  the  inheritance  of  Moses",  but  the  golden  calf 
is  not  eliminated  from  the  altars  of  either.  Can 
we  find  the  true  Law  among  these  men  of  the 
two  extremes  ?  Let  some  one  point  them  out  and 
exhibit  his  Law. 

In  the  passage  Proverbs  111-17,  the  law  is  re- 
ferred to  in  the  words:  "Her  ways  are  ways  of 
pleasantness,  and  all  her  paths  are  peace"  and  our 
sages,  who  desired  to  demonstrate  how  fervently 
our  Law  strove  for  peace  and  unity,  explained  the 
passage  (Hosea  IV-17) :  Ephraim  is  bound  to  idols 
let  him  alone"  to  mean,  even  if  Ephraim  is  bound 
to  idols,  if  there  be  but  unity  and  peace  within 
the  ranks  and  all  are  bound  together  by  bonds 
of  love,  let  him  alone,  because  if  there  is  peace 
and  unity,  although  at  the  moment  he  serves  idols, 
he  will  finally  develope  his  mind,  see  the  evil  of 
his  ways  and  with  the  same  unity  and  peace  re- 
turn to  the  right  path,  but  if  their  hearts  be  di- 
vided, then  shall  they  bear  their  guilt  (Hosea  X-2) 
even  if  they  serve  the  true  God  and  are  appa- 


IS 

rently  righteous,  if  their  heart  be  but  divided,  they 
shall  bear  their  guilt,  Thus  we  see,  that  even 
when  the  gravest  offence  in  the  Judaic  code  in 
concerned,  when  idolatry,  the  most  heinous  of  all 
abominations  ingenious?  of  all  Prohibitions  is  in 
question,  the  sages  nevertheless  counsel  peace  and 
unity,  trusting  to  this  basis  of  the  true  Law  to 
set  matters  right  and  eventually  to  restore  the 
true  faith. 

How  is  this  basis  of  the  true  law  observed 
in  our  day  ?  with  what  veneration  do  we  regard 
the  peaceful  policy  of  the  sages  ?  No  picture  too 
dismal  can  be  drawn,  no  pen  can  fitly  des- 
cribe the  continual  bickerings,  the  continuous  strife 
waged  within  our  ranks:  Turning  to  the  ortho- 
dox party,  one  Rabbi  villifies  the  other,  one  says 
this  is  permitted,  the  other  this  is  prohibited;  one 
claims  all  the  learning  and  calls  the  other  an 
ignoramus  —  to  agree  with  his  colleague  would 
be  a  mortal  sin,  a  virtual  sacrifice  of  the  digni- 
ty of  his  exalted  office. 

Our  authors — bubbling  over  with  petty  jealousy, 
judging  one  another,  their  fame  or  notoriety,  as  the 
case  may  be— their  delight,  their  acme  of  pleasure 
lies  in  the  power  to  belittle  the  efforts  of  the  other,  no 


19 

means  fair  or  foul  being  despised  to  accomplish  their 
unworthy  ends.  Regard  for  the  feelings  of  a  fellow- 
author  is  out  of  the  question.  The  sanctity  of  home, 
the  privacy  of  the  hearth  is  rudely  intruded  upon; 
nothing  is  sacred,  nothing  is  considered.  It  is  not  the 
merit  or  the  defects  of  the  production — that  is  but  a 
secondary  consideration, — the  life,  the  very  existence 
of  the  author  is  the  target  at  which  the  arrows  tipped 
with  the  venom  of  spite  are  aimed.  What  matters  it, 
that  a  life  is  wrecked,  that  a  home  is  destroyed,  if  but 
the  ghoul  can  revel  in  the  grave  of  the  victim  ? 

While  speaking  of  authors  and  literary  men  it 
would  not  be  amiss  to  make  special  mention  of  some 
of  the  recently  inaugurated  Hebrew  literati  from  the 
eastern  part  of  Europe.  No  one  will  deny  that 
among  them  are  men  of  thought  and  scholarship,  men 
who  have  made  a  life-long  task  of  study  and  research. 
To  detract  one  iota  from  their  ability  would  be  doing 
them  an  injustice,  and  unhampered  by  censors,  per- 
perfectly  free  from  their  shores  of  liberty,  could  they 
not  give  their  genius  full  vent  ?  Could  they  not  with 
the  opportunities  offered  lend  their  energies,  their 
talent  towards  uplifting  those  looking  towards  them 
for  wisdom  and  guidance.  What  are  they  doing, 
however,  towards  the  accomplishment  of  so  noble  a 


20 

work  ?  What  samples  of  their  talent,  what  achieve- 
ments of  their  genius  can  we  record ?  Alas!  Nothing 
of  a  character  leading  to  the  higher  education  of  the 
masses  dependent  for  their  literary  perusals  upon  the 
product  of  those  self -same  authors,  nothing  leading  to 
a  higher  conception  of  the  law  and  life  of  love,  charity 
and  humanity!  bombastic,  pretentious  literature, 
penetrated  with  the  all-pervading  "Ego  sum  ego!" 
always  the  same  mad  frenzied  effort  to  prove  them- 
selves superior  to  the  fellow  sitting  opposite  them  in 
the  same  coffee-house;  the  same  wild  desire  to  prove 
Tom  an  ignoramus,  Dick  a  prevaricator,  Harry  a  per- 
verter  of  facts,  and  above  all  the  strenuous  endeavor 
to  prove  one's  self  the  one  important  pivot  upon  which 
all  wheels  of  state,  society,  decorum,  knowledge  and 
what  not  revolve.  O,ye  scribes!  when  will  ye,the  cream 
of  foreign  intellect,  turn  towards  the  acceptance  of  the 
law  of  peace  and  mercy!  If  those  men  would  only  join 
hands,  if  they  would  only  strive  for  right,  not  might, 
if  instead  of  their  wasting  their  talent,  to  say  nothing 
of  writing  material,  on  personal  abuse  and  villifica- 
tion,  they  would  combine  their  efforts  towards  exhi- 
biting the  good  that  undoubtedly  lurks  in  their  by 
no  means  barren  minds,  not  alone  would  they  gain  in 
self-respect,  and  thus  command  the  respect  of  their 


21 

intellectual  inferiors,  but  in  a  very  short  time  they 
would  evoke  the  esteem  of  their  American  peers,  and 
would  by  very  force  of  their  present  ill-used  genius 
exact  recognition  from  men  superior  to  them  only  in 
behavior,  but  not  in  ability .  As  it  is,  they  not  only 
forfeit  their  self-respect  but  become  a  laughing-stock 
among  the  people  who  finally  treat  them  all  alike, 
great  and  small,  with  the  contempt  born  of  familiarity 

and  debasement . 

We  all  celebrate  day  when  the  law  was  given  us, 
but  when  shall  we  finally  celebrate  the  day  of  its 
acceptance  ?  When  shall  we  accept  the  precious  gift 
which  was  given  us  for  our  benefit,  for  the  upbuilding 
of  our  fortune  and  for  the  maintenance  of  the  inte- 
grity of  our  race  ?  When  will  the  understanding  en- 
ter our  hearts,  that  every  minute,  every  hour,  the  ful- 
filment of  that  significant  warning  "There  shall  ye  be 
buried"  is  slowly  but  surely  being  verified;  for  a  pro- 
phetic eye,  looking  with  ordinary  intelligence  into 
the  affairs  of  all  the  congregations  and  assemblies  in 
the  United  States,  in  fact  everywhere,  can  readily 
observe  that  the  children  of  orthodox  parents,  whe- 
ther born  or  only  reared  in  this  country}  will  under 
no  circumstances  walk  in  the  narrow  paths  trodden 
for  centuries  by  their  ancestors,  and  will  with  more 


22 

haste  than  decency,  consign  the  manners  and  customs 
of  their  solicitous  parents  to  the  realms  of  utter  obli- 
vion. The  road  which  the  orthodox  parent  has  so 
thoughtfully  and  tenderly  graded  and  smoothened 
out  for  his  offspring  to  travel  will  be  beset  with  boul- 
ders and  thorns  which  will  prove  insurmountable  ob- 
stacles for  the  juvenile  wayfarer,  yet  surprise  will 
readily  be  evinced  if  he  turn  out  of  that  road  and 
choose  one  which  is  beset  with  lesser  hardships. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  reformers  cannot  hope  to 
stand  on  their  pedestal  and  consider  themselves  im- 
movable and  immutable.  The  right  which  they  have 
assumed  to  revolutionize  ancient  manners  and  revise 
time-honored  rituals,  they  cannot  deny  their  progeny. 
Reform  carries  with  it  reform,  and  if  perchance  one 
reformer  should  totter,  who  could  object  to  any  efforts 
tending  to  uphold  it  by  the  institution  of  other  re- 
forms or  mayhap  by  the  demolition  of  one,  uphold 
another  in  its  ruins — result:  chaos. 

Thus  sect  will  succeed  sect,  creed  succeed  creed, 
party  succeed  party,  until  one  great  innundation  of 
composed  thought  and  experiment  will  drown  all  and 
sweep  them  into  the  sea  where  millions  of  doubting 
Jews,  other  millions  of  dissatisfied  Jews,  and  still 
other  millions  of  disgusted  Jews,  have  been  swept 


and  lost.  As  long  as  Israel  will  not  combine  and  abo- 
lish all  distinction  between  congregation  and  congre- 
gation, assembly  and  assembly,  and  live  as  one  grand 
unit  of  combined  thought  and  spirit,  it  can  never 
hope  to  maintain  its  integrity  as  a  nation,  andits 
characteristics  as  a  race. 

The  Nationalists  who  have  lately  sprurg  up  with 
fanciful  dreams  of  a  Jewish  empire,  unless  they  make 
their  gaze  far-reaching  and  look  with  calculating  eyes 
upon  the  consequences  of  their  endeavor ;  unless  they 
pay  close  attention  to  their  present  situation  and 
give  up  the  chimerical  idea  of  concentrating  the  en- 
tire Jewish  race  in  the  Holy  Land,  will  add  but 
another  factor  to  the  warring  elements  and  only  has- 
ten the  slow  but  sure  dissolution  of  already  establish- 
ed institutions. 

Thousands  of  years  have  passed  away  since  Israel 
came  into  existence,  and  Israel, 'tis  true,  still  lives! 

As  our  sages  were  wont  to  say,  "  The  old  Jacob 
is  not  dead  yet!  "  Still,  millions  of  the  descendents 
of  Jacob  have  been  engulfed  in  the  waves  of  the  sea 
of  discontent,  arid  have  drifted  away  from  the  faith 
of  their  fathers;  the  few  still  remaining  are  scattered 
among  all  the  nations  of  the  earth,  loved  by  none, 
hated  by  many.  What  is  the  cause  of  all  this?  The 


24 

change  in  their  appearance^  the  constant  endeavor 
to  be  like  others,  and  the  loss  of  their  at  one  time  in- 
herited identity.  Thus  only  the  name  "The  Law  of 
Moses  and  Israel  "  remains  suspended  on  a  battered 
banner. 

R,  Heir's  question,  then  ''Why  was  the  law  given 
to  Israel?"  (and  not  to  other  nations)  is  thus  justified: 
Because  they  are  impudent  in  their  wickedness.  They 
are  stubborn  and  must  be  weighted. 


Vnn 


ORATION 

CLEVELAND,  OHIO 

DELIVERED  AT  THE  DEDICATION  OF  THE  BARON   HIRSH 
FREE  SCHOOL  IN  THE  SYNAGOGUE  K'NESSETH  ISRAEL. 


King  David,  in  one  of  his  idealistic,  beautiful  and 
inspiring  outbursts,  exclaims  with  reverential  devo- 
tion, ardent  majesty  and  glorious  fervancy:  "  Out  of 
the  mouth  of  babes  and  sucklings  hast  thou  ordained 
strength."  (Psalms  VIII^  2).  Although,  according  to 


25 

the  grammatical  rudiments  and  etymological  prin- 
ciples, the  kingly  impress  and  the  royal  express  tend' 
to  exalt  and  move  to  signify  past  conditions  and  pre- 
sant  positions,  viz:  the  baby  Moses  found  grace  in 
the  eyes  of  Pharoh's  daughter  by  a  Providential  pro- 
cess, and  the  suckling  Samuel  reproached  the  priest 
Eli  with  a  Divine  message  ;  while  David  himself, 
when  a  mere  lad,  challenged,  chagrined  and  put  to 
death^  with  the  Almighty's  assistance,  the  huge  Phili- 
stine, and  one  of  his  children  succumbed  in  its  infan- 
cy as  a  fulfilment  of  a  Lordly  prediction.  Neverthe- 
less, they  reflect,  likewise,  to  some  extent,  upon  future 
environments  and  coming  progeny.  Therein  lies  an 
emphatic  stress  upon  the  father,  mother,  protector  or 
guardian  at  any  time,  age  or  generation,  to  train  the 
child,  teach  the  infant,  instruct  the  baby  and  educate 
the  suckling,  so  as  to  profess  the  strength  of  God.  In 
other  words,  we  must  do  our  best  and  try  our  utmost 
to  make  good  men  and  become  kind  women,  to  per- 
form righteousness,  practice  virtue  and  exercise 
mercy,  in  order  to  hasten  these  gracious  functions 
particularly  emulated  by  the  offsprings  from  an  early 
stage  of  childhood . 

In  the  course  of  time  and  in  the  tide  of  events 
childhood  turns  into  adolesence,  the  latter  changes  to 


26 

manhood,  and  the  noble  actions  and  the  illustrious 
deeds  extensively  grow,  develop  and  increase. 

Thus  saith  the  Lord  : 

"  Remember  the  days  of  old,  consider  the  years 
of  many  generations,  ask  thy  father  and  he  will  show 
thee,  thy  elders  and  they  will  tell  thee."  (Deuterono- 
my XXXII,  7.) 

Adam  sinned  only  once,  disobeying  his  Creator's 
commandment,  whereas  Cain,  the  son,  committed  a 
triplet  of  crimes,  namely :  became  wrathf ully  exasper- 
ated, slaughtered  his  own  brother,  and  attempted  to 
deceive  the  Lord,  exclaiming:  "Am  I  my  brother's 
keeper  ?"  This  historical  fact  tends  to  manifest  the 
impropriety  of  a  parental  fallacy.  Having  eventually 
occurred,  the  latter  causes  a  repetition,  multiplication 
and  triplication  by  the  next  in  kin. 

Now,  first  of  all  we  must  mend  our  ways,  correct 
our  errors,  improve  our  manners  and  reform  our 
shortcomings,  in  such  a  method  as  to  prove  the 
path  of  life  and  happiness  for  the  little  ones. 

In  addition,  however,  to  our  excellent  model,  su- 
perior force  and  magnanimous  design,  we  have  to 
pursue  the  following  ordinance:  "And  thou  shalt 
teach  them  diligently  unto  thy  children."  (Ibid  VI,  7), 


27 

which  achievement  can  be  fully  accomplished  in  the 
Baron  Hirsh  Hebrew  Free  School. 

The  name  of  the  Baron,  of  blessed  memory,  is  an 
emblematic  symbol,  a  proverbial  motto,  an  important 
significance,  and  a  magic  vigor  for  preparation,  ins- 
piration and  aspiration.  Thus  will  the  Baron's  good 
name  be  immortalized;  thus  will  the  K'nesseth  Israel 
or  the  Israelitish  Concourse,  be  sanctified.  AMEN! 


J3K 


THE  LAYING  OF  THE  CORNER  STONE  OF  THE 
SYNAGOGUE  ANSHE  RUSSIA. 


We  are  gathered  together  this  day  to  consecrate 
Thy  name,  Oh,  Lord  of  Hosts,  and  lay  the  corner 
stone  for  a  Synagogne,  a  House  of  Prayer,  and  a  Place 
of  Worship. 

Our  brothers  and  sisters,  our  sons  and  daughters, 
our  nephews  and  neices,  ourselves  and  wives  will 
flock  to  this  Home  of  Delight,  Castle  of  Holiness  and 
Palace  of  Saintliness,  at  every  occasion,  incident  and 
occurrence  to  express  thanks  and  gratification  unto 
Thee,  Almighty  God,  for  Thy  goodness,  kindness  and 


28 

benevolence,  for  life  extended,  and  for  happiness  ex- 
panded. 

So  much  for  the  individual.  As  for  the  congrega- 
gation  collectively,  they  will  come  every  now  and 
then  with  solemn  supplications  and  fervent  aspira- 
tions, as  a  matter  of  gratitude,  and  a  manner  of 
thankfulness  for  the  recognition  and  consideration, 
rights  and  privileges,  durability  and  lucrativeness, 
prominence  and  permanence  given  by  the  hospitable 
neighbors  and  curteous  Americans,  the  civil  power 
and  federal  authorities,  municipal  rulers  and  govern- 
ment executives,  friendly  legislators  and  brotherly 
officials,  fraternal  clergy  and  pleasing  laity. 

There  is,  however,  another  aspect  in  the  conse- 
cration of  this  sanctified  spot.  In  times  of  old,  per- 
iods of  yore  and  in  immemorial  days,  a  house  of  this 
particular  design  was,  for  obvious  reasons,  the  cen- 
tre of  gravity,  the  leading  force,  the  power  for  good, 
the  intellectual  arena,  the  meeting  place  for  com- 
munal, educational,  fraternal,  benevolent  and  social 
affairs. 

In  this  enlightened  age,  when  we  reap  the  gene- 
ral harvest,  share  the  surrounding  benefits  and  par- 
take of  wholesome  culture,  intellect,  knowledge  and 
wisdom,  without  being  forced  into  segregation  and 


29 

seclusion,  we  may  point  with  pride  and  magnificence 
to  the  Jewish  men  and  Israelitish  women  who  distin- 
guished themselves  meritoriously,  gained  universal 
fame  and  achieved  eminence  in  the  medical,  legal, 
literary  and  other  professions.  Yet  there  is  a  spe- 
cial mission  for  us  as  Jews,  and  a  particular  com- 
mission for  us  as  Hebrews,  which  we  cannot  accom- 
plish outside  of  this  synagogal  precinct.  The  Heb- 
rew tongue,  the  Scriptures,  the  language  of  Moses 
and  Isaiah,  the  Liturgy,  the  Apocrypha,  Syrach  and 
the  Maccabees,  the  Talmud,  the  Midrash,  the  Rabbi- 
nics,  the  life  of  Hillel,  the  history  of  the  Diaspara, 
the  Schulchan  Aruch,  the  Glosseries  and  the  Respon- 
sa  are  to  be  studied,  meditated  and  pondered  upon 
within  these  very  walls. 

Moreover,  we  contemplate  to  have  this  Lordly 
abode  tower  above  all  similar  Temples,  inasmuch  as 
a  religious  school  will  be  inaugurated,  where  promin- 
ent teachers  and  eloquent  preachers  will  pave  the 
way  and  smooth  the  path  of  the  growing  generation 
to  excel  in  piety,  succeed  in  learning,  and  gain  the 
best  qualities,  as  good  Jews,  loyal  citizens  and  pat- 
riotic Americans.  Now,  with  bowed  head  and  pros- 
trate body,  your  submissive  servant  invokes  the 
benediction  of  the  Heavenly  Father  upon  this  Sacred 


30 

Stonelaying,  the  assembled  concourse,  the  congre- 
gants, the  members,  the  worshippers,  the  partici- 
pants, the  auditors,  the  onlookers,  the  residents  of 
this  City,  State  and  Union,  the  Mayor  the  Governor, 
the  President  and  all  the  children  of  the  Lord  in  all 
their  habitations. 

Almighty  God!  As  you  have  helped  us  to  conse- 
crate this  ground  in  Thy  Holy  Name,  grant  us 
strength  and  health  to  live  and  dedicate  the  place  at 
its  final  completion.  AMEN! 


DEDICATIONAL  SERMON 

DELIVERED  AT  THE  CONSECRATION  OF  THE  NEW  SYNA. 
GOGUE  OF  THE  CONGREGATION  ANSHE  RUSSIA,  AT  W. 
KINNEY  AND  BROOME  STREETS,  ON  SEPTEMBER  1st, 
1901. 


FRIENDS  AND  CO-RELIGIONISTS: 

We  are  gathered  together  this  day  to  celebrate 
the  dedication  of  this  sacred  edifice,  this  magnificent 
Temple,  this  beautiful  structure,  this  place  of  wor- 
ship, prayers  and  devotion. 


31 

As  part  of  the  holy  functions,  saintly  perform- 
ances, lofty  administrations  and  impressive  ceremo- 
nies,!, your  humble  servant,  am  urged  by  an  internal 
impulse,  instructed  by  an  inner  inclination  and  ins- 
pired by  Divine  guidance,  to  expound  the  mission  of 
this  Synagogue,  and  interpret  the  commission  of 
this  Temple. 

My  worthy  listners  and  distinguished  congre- 
gants :  All  of  you  know  as  well  as  I,  that  the  sanc- 
tity of  this  house  does  not  nestle  within  the  cement 
and  mortar,  brick  and  stone,  masonry  and  plaster- 
ing ;  neither  does  its  holiness  rest  on  the  costly  paint- 
ings, picturesque  decorations  and  numerous  embellish- 
ments, nor  does  the  sacredness  repose  upon  the 
shaped  circles,  polished  corners  and  gilt  edges.  As  a 
matter  of  fact,  as  constant  occurrences  and  as  passing 
events,  we  are  apt  to  observe,  churches  desecrated 
synagogues  humiliated  and  Temples  degraded  to  such 
an  extent  as  to  become  places  of  amusements,  danc- 
ing and  bacchanals. 

We  deplore  the  fact  that  sanctified  houses  pass- 
ing through  vicissitudes^  undergo  trials  and  exper- 
ience tribulations,  either  financial,  material  or  other- 
wise, so  as  to  become  a  prey  to  the  mortgage  holder 
and  be  sold  at  public  auction. 


32 

Why  do  not  the  walls,  floor  and  coverings  inter- 
cede ?  Why  do  not  the  ornaments,  pews  and  pulpii 
plead  for  the  good  cause  ?  Why  do  not  the  synagog- 
al  supplements,  templar  implements  and  ritual  com- 
pliments stride  to  maintain  their  dignity,  retain  their 
honor,  and  sustain  their  esteem  ? 

Because  the  ceiling,  walls  and  floor  cannot  and  do 
not  shelter,  cover  or  harbor  any  saintliness  whatever. 

It  is  the  people  who  frequent  the  House  of  the 
Lord  with  fervent  hearts,  and  tremendous  might, 
that  are  instrumental  in  the  welfare  of  the  Temple 
and  furtherance  of  its  scope,  aim,  usefulness. 

Now,  this  is  a  golden  age,  a  commercial  epoch 
and  a  materialistic  period.  Men  and  women,  child- 
ren and  adults,  youth  and  old  age  are  absorbed  in 
avocations,  exploited  by  occupations,  and  submitted 
to  trades,  with  scarcely  any  leisure  hours  for  recre- 
ation, barely  any  sparing  minutes  for  recuperation, 
and  rarely  any  extra  moments  for  vacation,  all  the 
provisional  demands,  dietary  prescriptions  and  regi- 
men claims  notwithstanding,  not  to  mention  spiritual 
elevation,  moral  inspiration  and  incorporeal  consider- 
ation. With  such  a  lamentable  state  of  affairs  at 
hand}  the  synagogue's  future  is  very  cloudy,  its  pros- 


33 

pects  exceedingly  gloomy  and  the  fair  chance  almost 
shattered  in  f  ragmentry  atoms. 

Posterity,  surrounded  by  irreligiousness,  infidel- 
ity and  agnosticism,  will  grow  atheistic,  turn  against 
its  ancestry,  and  drift  into  unexplored  regions.  Jews 
and  Jewesses :  It  is  incumbent  upon  us  to  solve  the 
problem,  quarantine  the  pestilence  and  check  the 
epidemic,  before  it  is  too  late,  and  before  its  iron  grip 
has  succeeded  in  laying  diabolical  hands  upon  our 
youth. 

Let  us,  therefore,  clasp  hands,  join  forces  and  com- 
bine strength.  In  other  words,  let  us  adopt  some  mo- 
dern innovations,  institute  novel  methods  and  consti- 
tute recent  refcrms,  as  a  medium  of  attraction,  a 
means  for  invitation  and  an  emissary  for  beckoning 
to  the  younger  generation  to  return  to  the  forsaken 
path,  renounced  road  and  abandoned  course. 

Let  us  establish,  in  connection  with  and  as  an  ad- 
dition to  this  Synagogue,  classes  for  ethical  culture, 
moral  training  mental  development,  with  an  enlarged 
curriculum  including  Bible,  Grammer,  Jewish  His- 
tory and  Religion,  in  order  that  the  daughters  shall 
not  look  contemptibly  upon  the  mothers,  and  the  sons 
may  not  despise  the  fathers. 


34 

Let  the  young  Americans  know  that  centuries 
ago,  the  Jews,  in  Germany  and  France,  Spain  and 
Portugal,  Poland  and  Lithaunia,  were  prolific  writers 
and  diligent  students,  physicians  and  lawyers,  philo- 
sophers and  scientists. 

And  let  us  consecrate  a  wing  for  a  free  library, 
containing  ancient  and  modern  books  of  various 
authors  and  different  languages.  The  library  shall 
have  its  portals  eitensive-.ly  open  to  the  unaffiliated 
as  well  as  to  members,  to  strangers  as  well  as  to 
parishioners,  and  to  non-believers  as  well  as  to  pious 
worshippers,  for  thus  says  the  Lord  through  one  of 
the  Talmudical  sages:  "Would  to  God  they  might 
have  deserted  Him  and  taken  to  study." 

In  the  course  of  time  we  may  introduce  lectures 
by  prominent  speakers,  upon  enlightened  subjects 
discourses  on  scientific  themes,  debates  and  other  in- 
tellectual features.  These  novelties  nu.;>  bring 
about  a  revival.  Our  sons  and  daughters  will  imbibe 
Jewish  doctrines,  receive  Jewish  conceptions  and  con- 
ceive Jewish  ideas,  so  as  to  become  strict  adherents 
to  the  ancestral  faith,  paternal  religion  and  fatherly 
Deity,  and  this  Temple  will  be  proclaimed  as  the 
House  of  the  Lord  and  Law,  prayer  and  knowledge, 


35 

service  and  wisdom,  worship  and  science,   spirit  and 
culture. 

This  abundance  of  dualities  may  change  into  po- 
tent factors  to  inaugurate  peace,  a  conspicuous  appel- 
lation of  the  Lord,  as  a  prev ailing  dominent  among 
us  and  all  our  brethren.  AMEN! 

ALL  PRESENT  ARISE! 

In  the  name  of  the  holy  convocation,  distinguish- 
ed  audience  and  illistrious  congregation,  I  implore 
upon  Thee,  Lord  of  Hosts,  God  of  Israel  and  Master 
of  the  universe,  to  hearken  to  the  supplications,  lis- 
ten to  the  prayer  and  take  heed  of  the  petitions  of 
all  creatures,  when  earnestly  beseeching,  solemnly 
appealing,  devoutly  entreating,  fervantly  craving, 
ardently  praying  and  humbly  confessing. 

Forgive  their  sins,  excuse  their  errors^  pardon 
their  iniquities,  mend  their  ways,  direct  their  courses, 
command  their  actions,  conduct  their  whims,  in- 
struct their  fancies,  grant  their  wishes,  accord  their 
desires,  yield  to  their  yearnings  and  cater  to  their 
wants.  Enlighten  the  children,  civilize  the  youth, 
and  educate  the  adults.  Assist  the  poor,  support 
the  needy,  help  the  destitute  and  succor  the  indigent. 
Civilize  the  masses  and  educate  the  youth. 


36 

0,  Heavenly  Father,  shower  your  blessings,  con- 
fer benedictions  and  bestow  graces  upon  this  sacred 
concourse  of  pious  men  and  religious  women,  in  order 
that  they  may  exercise  mercy,  employ  charity,  be- 
stow pity  and  practise  philanthropy  toward  all  hu- 
manity, without  any  racial  distinction,  national  dis- 
crimination, or  prejudiced  segregation. 

Rock  of  our  salvation !  Bless  this  Synagogue,  its 
officers,  members,  constituents,  supporters  and  well- 
wishers.  Make  them  succeed  in  all  their  strivings, 
ventures  and  undertakings.  Bless  all  our  brethren 
of  this  City,  State  and  Country.  Bless  our  co-religion- 
ists in  the  various  continental  countries;  ameliorate 
their  conditions,  improve  their  positions  and  better 
their  stipulations.  Bless  this  glorious  land  of  liberty, 
bless  all  its  inhabitants,  governors  and  rulers;  bless 
all  the  civil,  municipal  and  federal  institutions.  Bless 
the  President  of  the  United  States  and  his  advisory 
board  of  eminent  men. 

Have,  O,  Heavenly  Father,  you  rDivine  Presence 
perpetuated  with  this  House  of  Holiness,  that  our 
progeny  may  imbibe  the  Psalmadic  doctrine  thus  ex- 
pressed: And  the  beauty  of  the  Lord  our  God  be  upon 
us;  and  establish  Thou  the  work  of  our  hands  upon 
us,  yea,  the  work  of  our  hands  establish,  AMEN  ! 


37 


EULOGY 


UPON  THE  PRESIDENT,  WILLIAM  McKINLEY  (MAY  HE  REST 
IN  PEACE),  WHO  FELL  A  PREY  INTO  THE  MONSTROUS 
HANDS  OF  AN  UNSPEAKABLE  ASSASSIN,  DELIVERED 
IN  THE  SYNAGOGUE  OF  THE  CONGREGATION  ANSHE 
RUSSIA,  ON  THE  iQth  DAY  OF  SEPTEMBER,  THE  VERY 
DAY  WHEN  THE  SAINTLY  REMAINS  WERE  ESCORTED 
BY  THE  FUNERAL  PROCESSION  TO  THEIR  EVERLAST, 
ING  HABITATION  AND  ETERNAL  REST. 


With  the  Divine  permission  of  the  Omnipresent, 
and  with  that  of  the  celestial  concourse  and  terres- 
trial assembly,  we  have  gathered  here  to  hallow  the 
memory  of  the  President  of  the  United  States. 

O,  God,  the  Lord  of  Hosts!  With  a  broken  heart 
and  trembling  limbs  we  appear  in  Thy  Place  of  Wor- 
ship to  hold  memorial  services  over  the  great  soul  of 
our  great  President,  William  McKinley. 

Heavenly  Father!  All  secrets  are  revealed  to 
you  and  all  mysteries  are  disclosed  before  your  Pres- 


38 

ence.  You  know  our  loyalty  to  the  government,  fidel- 
ity to  the  people  and  our  devotion  to  the  chief  rulers, 
since  these  precepts  are  part  and  parcel  of  the  Holy 
Law,  which  we  zealously  follow  and  ardently  pursue. 

O,  Lord,  God  of  all  the  spirits!  Pourout  thy  wrath 
upon  the  vicious  villian  who  dared  to  touch  the  Lord's 
annointed ;  let  his  wicked  name  be  eradicated  from 
the  human  roster,  and  his  gloomy  repute  lost  in  obli- 
vion. Accept,  0,  Lord!  our  fervent  prayers  in  behalf 
of  our  martyred  President;  place,  0,  God  !  the  sacred 
soul  of  William  McKinley  with  the  immaculate  spirits 
of  all  righteous  men,  under  your  protective  wing  and 
sheltering  pinion. 

Rock  of  our  salvation !  Stay  the  hand  of  the  des- 
tructive angel,  that  henceforth  there  shall  be  no  more 
calamity,  ruin  and  disaster,  and  that  mischievous 
wretches  may  perish,  dastardly  miscreants  decay 
and  tyrannical  brutes  disappear  from  the  universe. 

Usher,  O  Lord!  a  pure  animation  within  the 
heart,  soul  and  body  of  all  mankind,  that  they  may 
turn  wise,  prudent  noble  and  enlightened.  May  your 
blessings,  Creator  of  Heaven  and  Former  of  earth, 
be  also  showered  upon  our.  newly-made  President, 
Theodore  Roosevelt-  Be  his  continual  guide,  make 
him  fairer  than  other  children  of  men,  pour  grace 


39 

into  his  lips,  gird  a  sword  upon  his  thigh,  set  a  scep- 
tre in  his  hand?  teach  him  to  love  righteousness  and 
hate  wickedness,  anoint  him  with  oil  of  gladness  and 
rejoicing,  be  the  myrrh  and  aloes  of  kindness  and 
beneficence  upon  his  robes,  let  his  name  be  remem- 
bered for  good  and  his  fame  last  forever. 

And  you,  angel  of  death,  horrible  annihialator! 
By  putting  your  gruesome  fingers  upon  such  an  ex- 
alted personage  as  William  McKinley,  you  sealed 
your  own  fate,  signed  your  own  verdict  and  wrote 
your  own  decree!  You  are  doomed  now  without  de- 
liverance. A  double  curse  is  pending  on  you  and  the 
sword  of  Damocles  is  hovering  over  your  head,  des- 
cending slowly  but  surley  so  as  to  accomplish  the 
prophetical  prediction  (Isaiah  XXV,  8.) 

•  "  He  will  swallow  up  death  in  victory,  and  the 
Lord  God  will  wipe  away  tears  from  off  all  faces, 
and  the  rebuke  of  His  peopla  shall  be  taken  away 
from  off  all  the  earth;  for  the  Lord  hath  spoken  it." 
AMEN! 


40 


DEAR  MADAM: 

The  Jewish  Citizens  of  the  City  of  Newark,  cf 
the  State  of  New  Jersey  offer  their  condolence  to  you, 
gracious  lady,  upon  the  untimely  demise  of  the  noble 
gentleman,  the  excellent  sir,  William  McKinley,  Pre- 
sident of  the  United  States  of  America,  may  his  soul 
rest  in  peace  forever  and  ever . 

Like  two  holy  blossoms  sprouting  out  from  a 
divine  germ,  your  lamented  husband  and  your  vir- 
tuous self  clung  to  one  another  all  the  days  of  your 
illustrious  life,  a  mutual  agreement  held  sway  and  a 
reciprocal  accord  reigned  supreme.  You  were  his  de- 
light, while  he  had  been  your  pride,  working  together 
for  the  betterment  of  humanity  and  toiling  simul- 
taneously for  the  improvement  of  mankind,  from 
early  youth  up  to  the  unlucky  hour,  when  the  horri- 
ble bullet,  piercing  through  the  lungs,  robbed  a  pre- 


41 

cious  soul  of  a  superior  body,  bereaved  a  faithfulwife 
of  the  devout  husband,  and  removed  a  staunch  ruler 
from  a  loyal  people . 

Distinguished  woman! 

You  are  not  the  only  one  afflicted  to-day ;  there 
are  hundreds  and  thousands  of  men  and  women  who 
participate  in  your  sorrow  and  share  your  misfor- 
tune. 

The  Cubans,  Porto  Ricans,  and  Philippinoes, 
whom  the  martyred  President  liberated  from  the 
Spanish  oppression,  yoke  and  subjugation,  these  peo- 
ple will  bewail  his  terrible  end  and  bemoan  the  fear- 
ful calamity. 

The  ways  of  Providence  are  unaccountable  and 
the  actions  of  the  Almighty  are  incomputable.  Wil- 
liam McKinley,  your  meritorious  husband,  is  immor- 
tal, everlasting,  eternal  and  perpetual. 

May  God,  the  Lord  of  Hosts,  King  of  the  Uni- 
verse, the  creator  of  Heaven  and  Founder  cf  Earth, 
remember  the  name  of  William  McKinley  who  has 
gone  to  his  repose.  Let  his  saintly  soul  enjoy  eter- 
nity with  the  souls  of  the  Patriarchs,  Abraham, 
Isaac  and  Jacob,  with  the  souls  of  the  Prophets, 
Moses,  Samuel  and  Isaiah,  with  the  souls  of  the 
Priests,  Aaron,  Elijah  and  Jeremiah,  with  the  souls 


42 

of  the  Kings,  David,  Solomon  and  Josiah,  with  the 
souls  of  the  Scribes,  Ezra,  Daniel  and  Mordecai,with 
the  souls  of  the  Rabbis,  Hillel,  Saccai  and  Simonr 
with  the  souls  of  the  Martyrs,  Akiba,  Lincoln  and 
Garfield,  and  with  the  souls  of  all  the  righteous  that 
dwell  in  Paradise.  AMEN  ! 


the  presibent : 


MOST  EXALTED  SIB  : 

To  you,  the  Chief  Ruler  of  this  glorious  country, 
the  United  States  of  America,  in  the  name  of  the  Rus- 
sian and  Polish  Jews,  who  have  been  transplanted, 
settled  and  become  naturalized  as  citizens  of  the  City 
of  Newark,  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  I  tender  con- 
dolence, offer  solace  and  render  consolation  upon  the 
affliction,  bereavement,  catastrophe,  shock,  violence 
and  woe  sustained  by  the  American  people  as  a  whole 
in  the  untimely  death  of  the  great  nobleman,  William 
McKinley,  at  the  bruitish  hands  of  a  savage  ruffian. 

As  good,  loyal  and  conscientious  Jews,  our  grief 


43 

over  the  terrible  murder  is  tenfold,  inasmuch  as  we 
are  repeatedly  commanded  by  the  Lord  and  the  Law: 
"  Thou  shalt  love  thy  neighbor  as  thyself."  (Leviti- 
cus XIX,  18),  commenting  upon  which,  says  the  Tal- 
mud (Sabbath  31,  a) : 

"Whatever  hateful  is  to  you, 
Unto  your  neighbor  do  not  do." 

Moreover  there  is  a  septuary  of  Scriptural,  Ecclesias- 
tical and  Talmudic  precepts  directing  our  courses,  in- 
structing the  methods  and  constructing  our  ways  in 
ragard  to  our  mission,  commission  and  submission  to 
to  the  nations  governments  and  their  dominative 
power,  namely: 

1.  "And  seek  the  peace  of  the  State  whither  I  have 
caused  you  to  be  carried  away,  and  pray  unto 
the  Lord  for  it ;  for  in  the  peace  thereof  shall 
ye  have  peace."  (Jeremiah  XXIX,  7). 

2.  '*  My  son,  fear  thou  the  Lord  and  the  king,  and 
meddle    not    with    them    that    are  given   to 
chan  ge."    (Proverbs  XXIV,  21). 

3.  ' '  Curse    not  the   king,  no,    not  even   in  thy 
thought ;  and  curse  not  the  rich  in  thy  bed- 
chamber." (Ecclesiasles  X,  20.) 


44 

4.  "Then  said  Daniel  unto  the  King:  0,  King,  live 
forever.  My  God  has  sent  his  angel  and  hath 
shut  the  lions'  mouths,  that  they  have  not  hurt 
me,  for  as  much  as  before  Him  innocence  waa 
found  in  me;  and  also  before  thee,  O,  King, 
have  I  done  no  hutr."  (Daniel  VI,  22 
and  2a.) 

5-  Be  ye  warned  of  secret  societies,  as  they  do 
not  bestow  favors  upon  men,  but  for  their  own 
interest."  (Ethics  II,  3). 

6.  "Pray  for  the  peace   of  the  government,   for, 
were  it  not  in   deference  thereof,   men  would 
swallow  each  other  alive."    (Ibid  III,  2.) 

7.  "Let  the  Royal  Majesty  always  lead  you."   (Le- 
bahim  102,  a.) 

Furthermore,  their  is  an  injunction  refraining 
the  Jews  from  insurrection,  rebellion  and  revolution 
(Kethubath  III,  a.) 

"And  loyal  to  the  countries 
Where  they  chance  to  dwell, 
Against  those  several  nations 
They  never  should  rebel." 


45 

We  submissively  bow  before  the  Divine  Provi- 
dence, Whose  ways  are  inscrutable  to  us  mortals, 
and  Whose  means  are  incomprehensible  to  human 
beings,  believing  firmly  that,  as  Joshua  of  old  follow- 
ed the  course  of  his  great  teacher,  Moses,  so  will  you, 
as  chosen  by  the  people  and  anointed  by  the  Lord,  in 
the  spirit  of  the  proverb  "Vox  Populi  vox  Dei"  simi- 
larly pursue  in  life  the  path  of  the  sainted  martyr, 
your  predecessor,  William  McKinley,  the  path  of  jus- 
tice, righteousnessi  love  and  mercy,  exercising  peace 
on  earth  and  good  will  to  all  mankind,  without  any 
racial  discrimination,  and  religious  distinction, 
AMEN! 


85 

and  does  not  go  to  another  city,  for  there  he  may  fare 
better. 


—  TJ?  ^33  ropu»n  note  p'pio  ViTt?  xtaj  p  jj^iT  ropn 


A  law  was  introduced  by  Rabbi  Yehoshua  Ben 
Gamlo,  that  instructors  for  children  be  placed  in 
every  city. 

•V'  riBiD—  .n'DJ  HDIDI  n*»j  nn^nn  mm 
The  Torah  begins  and  ends  with  Benefaction. 

•TE>  maK—  .nvajntsn  sJsa  onna  o'yoinawn 
Repentance  and  good  deeds  are  as  a  shield  against 
punishment. 

'i  jrr  i»y>  ny  'i   IOKJB'  ,n^jn  DI^  DUID   D^oan  n^o^n 

•  mans  epo—  .01^3  icy  ns  !jna» 

The  disciples  of  the  sages  spread  peace  through- 
out the  world,  as  it  is  said,  "The  Lord  will  give 
strength  unto  his  people  ;  the  Lord  will  bless  his  peo- 
ple with  peace." 


84 

fruit  dealers  (who  sell  fruit  for  high  prices  in  time  of 
need),  those  who  lend  away  their  money  for  interest, 
those  who  give  small  measures,  and  those  who  raise 
the  price  of  things,  the  prophet  said,  "Saying,  'when 
will  the  new  moon  be  gone  that  we  may  sell  corn,  and 
the  Sabbath  that  we  may  set  forth  wheat?'  making 
the  epah  small  and  the  shekel  great,  and  falsifying 
the  balances  by  deciet."  The  prophet  also  says  there: 
"The  Lord  hath  sworn  by  the  excellency  of  Jacob, 
'Surely  I  will  never  forget  any  of  their  works." : 
m!>Di  niyo  -6  t^v  <o  /jn  i!>si  D'JJM  orxi  D'pjnv  'J  ,fam  un 
•r^y  nf?y\o  irr«PKB>  w  oo^yi?  piK  n:ipni  ,nnya  j6e>  Dm« 
voaj  arnan  VK  /nan  voaj  r6in  VK  ?KM  sxa  iDvy^  jnx  njipn 
.n*y  D"a— .Knnrix  «noi>Vn«  K^IKHD  sna  n^  t^m  T'K  .v^na  vjab 
The  Rabbis  taught  us  that  three  kinds  of  people 
cry  for  help  and  can  not  be  helped.  He  who  lends 
away  his  money  without  having  anyone  witness  the 
act,  he  who  takes  a  master  for  himself,  and  he  whose 
wife  rules  over  him.  How  may  a  man  take  a  master 
for  himself  ?  Some  say  that  he  who  says  that  the 
money  he  uses  belongs  to  a  stranger  and  not  to  him, 
makes  the  stranger  his  master.  Some  say  that  he  who 
bequeaths  his  estate  to  his  sons  while  he  is  still  living, 
makes  his  sons  his  masters  ;  and  some  say  that  it  is 
he  who  is  unfortunate  in  the  city  wherein  he  resides 


83 

and  another  that  was  recorded  in  a  book  at  the  time 
of  his  creation. 


This  Jewish  nation  has  three  characteristics: 
(they  are)  merciful,  modest  (shameful)  and  perform- 
ers of  charitable  deeds. 


.3*»  p'a—  .ipn 

Sixty  men  may  pursue  one  who  has  eaten  his 
morning's  meal,  and  they  would  not  be  able  to  catch 
him. 

IJDB  bru  :J"KN  nan  I'^a  in  btsab  bia11  T^a  p« 


We  were  taught  that  a  judicial  court  cannot  re- 
fute the  verdict  of  another  court,  unless  the  members 
of  the  former  are  greater  in  wisdom  (Knowledge)  and 
in  age. 

.'!>  niaina—  .DTIQI  D^D  pn  D'OP  'Ta  !>3fi  win 
Every  occurrence  is  so  decreed  by  the  Lord,  that 
man  should  be  affected  by  it.  excepting  cold  and  heat, 
which  man  can  protect  himself  against. 

PQDI  ,nenx  »JBDDI  /rpana  ^^en  ,nn^o  nvi«  pai  i:n 
aa>  masjoi  t^nnn  may  ^nts  iosb  IOIK   ainan  on'by 
3*1131  /noio  ^JTND  mij?f>i  ^pj?  ^ijn^  ns'N  ^nanb  ia  nnneji 
.'x  3'3—  .Drppj»  b  nvjb  natj'N  DK  apy  jiwa  "r  va^J 
The  Rabbis  taught  us  that  in  reference  to  the 


82 

would  be  saved  from  falling  into  any  of  them,  but  if 
one  pit  were  dug  for  the  wicked  man}  he  would  fall 
into  it. 

-jsr  nivK>  jnoe^  Via1  irx  V'n  ,n^an  yew 
nab  ps?  :>am  ,yow  Kim  vjab  D^eno  :>an  n'apn 
u  3<na  D'K'ajn  ^>a  i»tp    pn  npo   nn»  n^   ynn    /on^jn  D"jy 
n^an  w  siren  ^T  /^tsy1  '3  »ayb  nren  3'na 

.was  n*no— .Dipon  »3sb  nrena 
"Thou  who  listens  to  prayers-"  A  man  of  flesh 
and  blood  cannot  listen  attentively  to  the  conversa- 
tion of  two  people  who  are  talking  at  the  same  time. 
But  the  Lord  hears  the  prayer  of  everyone  of  those 
who  pray  to  him  simultaneously,  and  everyone  is 
equal  before  him  ;  masters  and  servants^  the  rich  and 
the  poor.  By  this  you  may  be  convinced  that  it  is  so, 
for  at  the  prayer  of  Moses,  the  greatest  of  all  the 
prophets,  it  is  written  "A  prayer  of  Moses"  (Psalm 
XC,  1),  and  at  the  prayer  of  the  poor  it  is  written,  "A 
prayer  of  the  afflicted  who  are  overwhelmed."  (Psalm 
Oil,  1),  to  show  that  the  prayer  of  ALL  is  equal  before 
the  Omnipresent. 

"6  IfcOpt?  'Ml  /1DK1  V3K  b   liOpB>  'N  ,D1«6  INIpJ  n\QV  JUlhv 

j'aa  bxiDsr  'no— .wna  nn^n  naoa  3inaB>  'NI  /nnn« 
Man  is  called  three  names,  viz. :  one  that  his  fath- 
er and  mother  called  him,  one  that  others  call  him, 


81 

anger  and  it  will  not  make  thee  sin."  But  Rav  said : 
"  Weaken  thy  bad  inclination  and  it  will  not  cause 
thee  to  sin."  We  learned  in  the  name  of  Eliazar  ben 
Jacob,  who  said:  "The  Lord  is  the  basin  of  Israel; 
just  as  a  basin  cleans  the  unclean,  so  also  doth  the 
Lord  purify  Israel.  Which  must  go  to  which,  the 
basin  unto  the  uncleae  or  the  unclean  unto  the  basin? 
Of  coursethe  unclean  must  go  to  the  basin  and  descend 
and  dip  his  body  there.  But  the  Lord  said:  "  I  said 
thou  shouldst  come  to  pray  in  the  synagogue  of  thy 
city;  but  if  thou  art  not  able  to  go  (to  the  synagogue) 
pray  on  thy  bed ;  and  if  thou  art  not  able  to  do  so} 
think  (pray)  in  thy  heart  (mind).  For  it  is  written: 
'Commune  with  your  ownheart  upon  your  bed?  and 
be  still.  Selah!"  Rabbi  Yiddon  said:  "Providing 
that  thou  willst  put  an  end  to  thy  transgressions.' 
If  thou  hast  done  so,  see  what  is  written  in  the  fol- 
lowing verse :  "Off  er  the  sacrifice  of  righteousness." 
(Psalm  IV,  5).  I  will  take  into  consideration  just  as 
if  thou  hast  done  so." 

.'P  piruD— ."yn 
The  Lord  requires  a  (tender)  heart. 

,'t  pinjD— .e*3  T3E>  iro 

If  seven  pits  (obstructions)  would  be  dug  for  the 

peaceful  man  (put  in  his  way  so  that  he  stumble),  he 


80 

nb'aD— .nvnan  nyn  aau 
He  who  beguiles  (the  minds  of)   people  is  the 
greatest  thief, 
^y  jvm  by  a^na  ,^by  rrao  KJX  IDX  /nb'ana  ^nso  xjna  m 

.nb'sna  ibisarttD  baK  ,obw  ny  nrooinan^y  iva  py  naia^  DX 
*a*B  n'n  ^t^n1 

Rav  Kohana  used  to  take  ample  time  for  praying. 
He  used  to  say:  "  I  am  a  descendant  of  the  house  of 
Eli.  It  is  written  in  reference  to  the  house  of  Eli 
(Samuel  I,  XIII,  14)  'That  the  iniquity  of  Eli's  house 
shall  not  be  purged  with  sacrifice  nor  offering  for- 
ever,' but  it  shall  be  purged  with  prayer." 

a-n  /ix'arp  ^xt  TI*'  PJHK  iry^K  *i  ID«  /iNtann  hw  im 
mpD  /apy^  p  N'I  DWD  «^n   .^K^em  bw  TI^  ^nas 
n«  nniao  n"apn  ^a  D'KDon   ns  nnno  ni  nipo  no 
?nipon  b^x  N»on  ix  noan  bs 
N  rvapn  IDK   ^aobi  *n^i  mpon 

b^ann  ?j^  bw  nns  px  nxi  ii^ya  a'naa  5i>anr6 
DaaaB'D  by  oaaaba  now  •JDXJK'  /'naaba  nmn  ha1  nnx  px 
,p  n^iy  nnx  DK  ,Ti^a^  m^ayo  onne'  nabai  pv  VK   .nbo 
n^ry  i^na   i^y  ^x  ni?yo   ,pnv  ^nar  mat  vinx  a^na  HD 
,T  ?x  inoai  ,'naTj  xbx  jxa  a^na  px  na?  ,nain  nuaip  vby  nanpm 
.D^nn  oipV1— .najy  Dab  obe'o  'JXK'  u  intsa 
"Stand   in  awe  and  sin  not."   (Psalms  VI,   5). 
Rabbi  Eliazer  said :   "Excite  thy  bad  inclination  to 


.rrp  DTIDQ—  .cpo  D*  nj?npa  DIK  ?v 
The  maintenance  (nourishment)  of  man  is  just  as? 
serious  a  matter  as  the  clearing  (dividing)  of  the  ReJ 
Sea  (when  the  Jews  came  forth  from  Egypt). 


*nn        noix  napn 
an  ^antr  njinnnn  NS^ 


Rabbi  Elazar  Hacapor  said,  "  Be  not  like  a  lintel 
(the  beam  over  the  doorway)  that  can  be  touched7 
but  be  like  the  threshold  (the  lower  beam)  that  i» 
trampled  by  everyone  and  yet  does  not  move  from  its 
place. 


CHN  ^a  ^^    non  nann  rfD     ^o       iK^x  n    ION  ,rrnjn 


Rabbi  Abuhe  was  once  interpreting  Haggada  and 
Rabbi  Hiyah  Bar  Aba  was  interpreting  Hallocho.  All 
the  audience  left  Rabbi  Hiyah  and  came  to  listen  to 
Rabbi  Abuhe.  The  former's  feelings  were  conse- 
quently hurt,  -whereupon  Rabbi  Abuhe  said  to  him, 
"I  will  give  you  an  illustration:  One  man  selleth 
precious  stones  and  one  selleth  trifles.  "Who  hath 
most  clients  ?  " 


78 

'— .rnxon  b  naaa  nibipp  n'oai  n 
Charity  and  Benefaction  are  equal  unto  all   the 
remaining  precepts- 

«n"3p  rot?   .KJvniin  D"n  'bya  nyv 
Cruelty  to  animals  is  forbidden  by  the  Torah  (by 
the  written  law  of  Moses.) 

nv-ian  *• 


A  person  must  try  to  please  his  fellow-men. 
.B'ya  i'ai»    .«DO  nwn  ib  B^^DIPD!?  naio  pnnnb  mxins 

A  man  must  be  thankful  to  the  place  from  which 
he  derived  some  personal  advantage. 

.N&>n  mm  eipb'—  .onn«  b^ao  low  btra  ^BHO  nvnb  DIK  ^nv 

A  man  must  attend  to  his  own  affairs  previous 
to  those  of  others. 


Accept  the  truth  no  matter  who  speaks  it  . 

O*7  DTIDS—  .KirND  KID  «Sl  /KyiKO 

*  Rather  accept  the  contents  of  a  quart  that  lies 
on  the  ground  (near  you)  than  try  to  get  a  bushelful 
which  lies  on  the  roof  (far  from  you), 

.'j  paw—  •  imp  161  Kir»n  xb  'wns?  ui  n-np 
Food  which  belongs  to  two  partners  and  is  cook- 
ed in  one  pot,  will  be   neither  warm  nor  cold,  when 
one  relies  upon  the  other  to  take  care  of  it. 


77 


.:o  myn   /jna^ 

I  found  this  acacia  tree  in  existence.  As  my  pat- 
ents had  planted  it  for  me,  I  will  also  plant  one  for 
my  children. 


Tims  on^s?  ,nj>  xy  rroiri  /rnx  rr^K  nny 


"  Thou  shalt  not  uncover  the  nakedness  of  thy 
brother's  wife,"  and  ''Her  husband's  brother  shall  go- 
unto  her  and  take  her  to  him  to  wife,"  were  uttered 
by  God  at  the  same  time.  (Without  any  space  of 
time  between  one  and  the  other.) 


.*r  Kin 

C.ip»yn  iD^y  oin») 

The  rich  people  were  wont  to  come  to  Ezra.  He 
then  said  :  "  If  the  man  is  intelligent  let  him  come  in.'r 
By  this  he  meant  that  the  personal  qualities  are 
appreciated.) 

'n  a"3   .ton  nm  niyo  n^n^  jvna 

The  freeing  of  the  imprisoned  is  a  precept  of  great- 
value. 


.Dpi 

Sometimes  the  man  upon  whose  friendship  I  de- 
pended lifts  his  weapon  against  me, 


76 


•n'a  p'"iD-. 

The  woman  of  Shkantsiv  said:  "After  a  person's 
death  his  wealth  is  discovered.'' 


.12*3  p-nruD—  .T  irv-WNK  npp 
False  witnesses  are  despised  even  by  those  who 
hired  them  to  testify  falsely. 

.noann  -w  ^'•rjsn  -inao—  .HDJIBH  <vri  nxvinn  mo 
Expenses  properly  made  economize   half  of  the 
support  that  a  person  gets. 


Much  talking  is  a  proof  of  foolishness. 


.y  rD^-.njD-'n  Tv-ptrio  .naon 
Withdraw  from  delicious  and  very  tasteful  food, 
so  as  not  to  overfeed  thyself. 

•D  omj—  .pa  D'opr  mno 

The  pulling  down  by  the  aged  is  tantamount  to 
building  up,  and  the  building  up  by  young  men  is 
equivalent  to  pulling  down. 

.me  pnruD—  .ib  pyow  r«  n»K  IOIN  ib'aKB'  /xna  bsy  wny 

The  penalty  of  a  liar  is  that  even  when  he  speaks 
the  truth  he  is  not  believed. 


nn  ,N3i  «ry 

The  eye  and  the    heart    are    two    agents    for 
iniquity. 


75 

nny  DTK  sn»  obiy^ 

ba  nyi  ivanp  Djn  vn«  oy  Di^>e>  rmoi 


Abaye  was  wont  to  say:  A  person  should  always 
think  of  how  to  fear  the  Lord;  he  should  answer 
softly  and  turn  away  wrath  ;  he  should  speak  peace- 
fully to  his  brothers  and  relatives  ;  even  to  pagans 
whom  he  meets  in  the  street,  so  as  to  be  beloved  by 
God  and  be  pleasant  to  his  fellow-men  and  popular 
among  them. 


woo  i>n;i  tons?  nD3i  ,13121  10^31  vaxa  sym  / 


Rove  was  wont  to  say:  The  purpose  of  wisdom 
(Torah)  is  repentance  and  benefaction.  For  a  man 
shall  not  study  the  Scriptures  and  the  Mishna  and 
despise  (dishonor)  his  father,  his  mother,  his  teacher, 
or  HIM  who  is  more  learned  and  more  aged  than  he 
is.  For  the  Scripture  says  :  "  The  fear  of  the  Lord  is 
the  beginning  of  wisdom." 


1V3H    <JB  p3        N1 

.3*0  ni313—  -D'313 

A  man  should  rather  throw  himself  into  a  smelt- 
ing furnace  than  ridicule  another  in  public. 


74 


nnao    ,am  ins?  ,nv  las? 
He  whose  heart  is  narrow  has  a  wide  tongue 

2  rnmo  .STI  mm  w 
The  custom  of  our  forefathers  is  law. 


Kin  an"  xi  ,njrm>  <o  ruo'^  2010   noxn  n*an  '212 

rp  t'y   /ioxya 

The  story  is  told  of  Rabbi  Hanina  Ben  Teradyon 
who  said  that  it  is  better  that  He  (God)  should  take 
it  (the  soul)  than  that  man  himself  should  harm  it, 

NVD  p—  ,13-no  nob1  yenb  n2nnoi  /wa  p2n^  HDT2  rn^o 
Who  toucheth  pitch  is  thereby  defiled.    (Wicked 
associates  corrupt  good  morals  .) 

I"BT  nbnp—  ,rme  n«oo  sniaa  «na'v    sin  N20  OOIN  bt?D 

There  is  a  proverb  which  says,  "A  bird  in  the 
hand  is  worth  a  hundred  in  the  air. 


p 

The  pea-thorn  is  of  no  use  to  us  (for  it  is  barren)  ^ 
unless  we  cut  it  off  (and  make  some  utensils  of  it), 


sropn   rrsysu     ,pop  n^ay    Nrcnyi   ny  noiw 


That  which  is  meagre  dies  away  before  that 
which  is  fat  becomes  meagre.  (The  poor  man  dies 
away  before  he  sees  '  the  destruction  of  the  wicked 
rich  man.) 


73 


ins  sjm   minn  map 

pnon  Kivna—  ,inB"ni  DW  ppa  ::rna  ;  mbrn  bax  , 
The  Torah  does  not  require  man  to  pursue  the 
precepts   (to  devise     how    to    fulfil     ihem),    but    it 
said,  ''  If  a  bird's  nest  chance  to  be  before  thee,"  "if 
thou  meet  thine  enemy's  ox";  but  concerning  peace 
the  Lord  says,  "Seek  peace  and  pursue  it." 

iv  nap  —  /D\nn  pa  ua  n«  DIN  MB"  ^K  D^iyb 
Never  shall    a  man    discriminate    between    one 
child  and  the  rest  of  his  children, 

aa  penip—  /nbpi  n»pa  nuioix  wa  nK  DI«  nob1  Dbiyb 
A  man  should  always  teach  his  son   a  good  and 
honorable  trade. 


IT  o«nn  ^y  DTINI  ,px  TIT  IT  /^m    ,o«nn  }*y  ^m  n 

.Kip^  THD  mm 

This  is  what  is  expressed  by  the  words.  "To 
guard  the  way  which  leads  to  the  tree  of  life."  By 
the  word  "WAY"  "worldly  pursuits"  is  meant;  and 
by  the  term  "TREE  op  LIFE"  <%the  law"  is  meant- 

jp  mama—  ,KQ-ID  ,-itny  ,naia  D^an  jitrb 
The  conversation  of    the  wise  brings  blessing, 
riches  and  health. 

np  pbin—  /tonoN  nantJ>D  wor  ba  n^oaj  I^DI  JKO 
He  who  taketh  good  care  of  his  property  gaineth 
every  day  an  Istro  (a  Persian  coin). 


72 

foe,  for  he  cannot  see  the  faults  of  his  friend  nor 
the  merits  of  his  enemy. 

TlfcH  QMPD     ,rvb  T.T  S1?!  'TD  Ijb  KJaW  KpM^  ETK  ND'b  *6 

10  naiD—  /xnp<e>  moj«b 

A  person  should  not  say  to  a  child,"  I  will  and 
hen  refuse  to  give  it  (to  him),    for  that   will  teach 
the  child  to  deceive. 


na  mana  /nvwn  'attD   rrnn  mnj  x 
The  Law  (Torah)  was  not  given  to  angels. 
•'jnrb  ineipna  D"3Din—  .ann  n^ivn  n«ri  D^wnetsn  ^ 
If  it  were  for  the  (sake  of)  the  insane  the  world 
would  have  remained  empty  and  waste. 

pan  PK  'n  nww—  ,yn  '•ba  Datrni  .iiyo  ^a  pb 
Sleep  over  night  without  having  eaten  anything, 
and  do  not  borrow  and  you  will  rise  in  the  morning 
without  any  debt.     (Testament  of  Rab.  Yeh  Eben 
Tiben). 


a  myn—  /JTBW  nr    a  nyiao  noa 

"Go  say  unto  my   Creator,  'How  ugly  is  your 
creation!  " 


w   ,y"a   »T'y  ,nnay  v\ 

KDV 

The  sin  of  causeless  hatred  is  as  great  as  the 
three  iniquities  of  practising  idolatry,  uncovering 
the  nakedness  (lewdness),  and  committing  murder. 


71 

when    he    departs    from    the    world,  his    hands  are? 
open. 


/nvnan  ' 
rvno 

A  man  must  render  himself  grateful  to  the 
spirit  of  his  fellow  creatures  as  well  as  to  the  spirit 
of  God. 

nan  "vfh  vbv  mso  *p  /jjoeon  nan  "uoib  DIN  by  mrae* 

no  rnoa1*'  —  , 

The  sages  said:  k'As  it  is  the  duty  of  a  man  to- 
rebuke  his  friend  concerning  a  thing  which  he  is 
certain  he  will  hearken  to  him,  in  the  same  way  he 
is  forbidden  to  rebuke  him  about  a  thing  to  which 
he  will  not  give  heed. 


2V  p*3—  ,i    mon    DIN  pi 


It  is  written  (Ben  Siro,  13)  "Every  bird  associ- 
ates with  the  birds  of  his  species,  and  man  associ- 
ates with  him  who  is  his  equal  in  rank." 

wp  nap—  ,D'BB>n  }o  v^y  porno  p«  nman  by  om»  WRV  ba 

The  Lord  has  no  compassion  on  him  who  has  no 
compassion  on  mankind. 

rrb  D'rm  n^   n'jon  JND^  w\  ,n^  D^mn  jNob  trrN  prb  N^ 
np  nnma  --  ,Kni3T   n^   vn   Nb   FI^  rvjon    »nain  n>b  srn  xb 
A  man  should    judge  neither  his  friend  nor  his 


70 

so  nmo—  W3  ban  CIID  yenb  epnon  fo 
He  who  flattereth  the  wicked  falleth  eventually 
(as  a  prey)  into  their  hands. 

xp  pinjD  -  /an  cnn  ^y  nr  53 

"All  the  days  of  the  afflicted  are  evil.''  Ben  Siro 
says  that  even  his  nights  are  afflicted.  The  roof  of 
his  house  is  lower  than  all  the  others,  and  his  vine- 
yard is  on  the  top  of  the  mountains. 

n"a  r'&n—  ,nvan  J.-UDO  DIK  naen  i>K  im  hv  Ms 
A  person  should  not  act  differently   than    it  is 
the  custom  of  his  fellow-men  to  act. 

ye  xma—  ,nwk>pK  n^vyr  n^^KrmnSts  b 
Any    kingdom    that   has    no    councillor    is     no 
kingdom. 

133  1*3—  ,  NJT33  K1JH  SnKI  tf"p3    ,Kn3O    nyB>  tjfjB'M 

The  consummation  of  the  wheat  from  the 
bushel  brings  dissent  into  the  house. 

nny  vyo  ^'«3  /IDNI   V3N  ojnao  WHIP  bs 


He  who  doth  not  support  his  father  and  mother 
is  as  if  he  bringeth  false  witness  against  himself. 


VT 

nbnp  TID—  , 

When  a   man  is  born,  his  hands  are  closed,  to 
indicate  that   all  the   world  belongs  to   him;   but, 


"    rrros?  nar     nan  woy  n&rv  n  pxi  mm  n  B 

K!?  nrs^—  "131  /nvo^n  n 

Any  man  who  possesses  some  knowledge  (of  the 
law)  bat  has  no  fear  of  the  Lord  is  likened  unto  a 
treasurer  to  whom  the  interior  keys  of  a  safe  were  de- 
livered, and  the  exterior  keys  were  not  delh^ered, 
How  can  he  open  the  safe  ? 
,D3E>  'PIT—  ,pmt5  fn  *&*?  pjnv  p^i  /pmei  jmw  D^IP  sKn  b 

Every  living  thing  tries  to  accumulate  too  much 
of  everything,  but  no  one  knows  what  will  become 
of  it  later. 

.Kenmn  'no  —  ,vnnx  nsrrn  rme'  ,rmc?n  p  mnn  9a 

He  who  shuns  high  rank,  high  rank  follows  him, 


He  who  denies  the  precept  of  performing  chari- 
table deeds  (he  who  is  not  charitable),     is  considered 
as  one  who  denies  the  existence  of  God. 
ISM  imni  mj>n  6n  0*3013  fmr  miay  I3ip  i^jo  /oyisn  ^3 

As  soon  as  a  person  grows  angry  he  is  apt  to 
commit  an  error.  He  who  becomes  angry  is  consider- 
ed as  if  he  would  commit  idolatry. 

non  ,n^y  inn  irxt  n-nn 


He  who  studieth  the  Law  but  does  not  review  it 
(from  time  to  time)  is  likened  unto  one  who  sows  his 
seed,  but  reapeth  not  the  grain  thereof. 


68 

.iv  n'mo—  ,i 
The  clothes  of  a  man  cause  him  to  be  respected. 


jmn:o  w  rfcrw  p  nna 
As  the  generation  so  is  the  Nosi  (Prince  or  Judge) 

X"D  j'B'j—  .spy  Kvnm  na 
A  lenient  rule  is  better  than  a  harsh  one. 


—  ,p*au>  xroson  rrniSN  xny  rmn  jniym  »a 
When  my  wife  and  I  loved  each  other  we  could  have 
slept  both  on  the  edge  of  a  sword,  but  now  when  our 
love  is  not  so  great,   a  bed  of  sixty  cubits  is  not  spa- 
cious enough  to  accomodate  us. 


my   i^p   N"T  ,min  -ni^na  row  TJKIDI  n^sna  any 

mop  Tno—  -aitan  n^yoa  mw  ij 
For  sweet  is  thy  voice  when  thou  prayest  and  thy 
countenance  is  comely  when  thou  studiest  th«  law. 
Another  interpretation  of  the  verse  is  :  Thy  voice  is 
sweet  when  thou  prayest  and  thy  countenance  is 
comely  by  benefaction.  " 

psi-oao  py—  'iai  ,D^nrnD  ni^'Kn  i^nnn  3nan  xna^  jra 

va  'no—  ,piT3  Dao  IHN 

When  the  iron  was  created,  all  the  trees  began 
to  shiver.  The  iron  then  asked  them,  "  Why  are  ye 
shivering  ?  If  a  piece  of  your  wood  would  not  enter 
me  for  a  handle,  none  of  you  would  be  harmed  . 


67 
D^rru  writto  w\  /D^iyn  o 


—  rrrrj;  "n 

Although  one  may  feedliis  father  with  quails  (still) 
for  not  showing  him  a  friendly  mien,  his  existence  (the 
son's)  will  be  shortened. 


ro 

Some  are  scalded  with  luke-warm  water,  and  some 
people  even  with  boiling  water  are  not  burnt. 

,nr6  laan^  /pip  n^n&i  D^KBIH  n'-x^jn  ysjaijDnBiK  !>KIB>I 
my  ^a  DX1  ,^'N  ,pnp  wb  p«  ,ux  ,"6  isanoi  pip  X^DI  «nin  TPB-D 


D—  /onan  aaoy  inp 
The  congregation  of  Israel  said  to  God:  "Master 
of  the  world!  If  the  princes  sin,  they  bring  a  sacrifice 
unto  thee  and  their  sin  is  expiated.  If  the  priest  that 
is  anointed  sins,  he  offers  a  sacrifice  and  his  sin  is 
purged.  But  we  have  no  atonement".  Then  the  Lord 
answered  them:  "Is  it  not  written  (Leviticus  IV,  13) 
'And  if  the  whole  congregation  of  Israel  sin  trough  ig- 
norance, etc.,  etc.,  then  the  congregation  shall  offer  a 
young  bullock  for  the  sin'  ?"  So  the  Congregation  of 
Israel  answered:  "We  are  poor  and  we  cannot  afford 
to  bring  sacrifices".  Then  the  Lord  answered  them: 
"I  demand  words,  but  not  sacrifices."  For  it  is  written: 
"take  with  you  words  and  turn  to  the  Lord." 


66 

.n  an 


"The  Lord  is  good  to  those  who  wait  for  him." 
(Lamentations  III,  25.)  We  could  think  that  He  is 
good  to  everyone  ;  it  therefore  says  (there)  "to  the 
soul  that  seeketh  him."  "The  Lord  is  near  to  all." 
(Psalm  CXLV).  We  could  think  that  He  is  near  to 
everyone,  therefore  it  is  written  (there)  "to  all  that  call 
upon  him  in  truth." 


nn»'i  DIN    JN*  DI     -37  Dnn  ,132^03  mm 
33'i  /ib  B^P  nD3  noann 


"  He  should  guide  his  affairs  with  discretion." 
(Psalm  112)  A  man  should  always  eat  and  drink  less 
than  he  has,  clothe  himself  with  as  much  as  he  can 
afford,  but  honor  his  wife  and  children  more  than  he 
is  able  to  do. 
DIDO  nnoi  irxi  ^in  xin  arm  OJ»T  n3y  ^oriN  tnvfov  DINH  '&• 

.no  nyr  ^icann  —  AW  »D  p«i 

The  days  of  man  are  three:  yesterday  has  already 
passed;  to-day  is  passing  and  will  be  no  longer,  and 
the  morrow  is  obscure,  for  no  one  knows  what  it  has 
in  store. 


Youth  is  a  diadem  of  roses,  old  age  is  a  crown  of 
thorns. 


65 

'O1B3  ^ 


.rp 

"I  am  determined  that  my  mouth  shall  not  trans- 
gress." (Psalm  XXVI,  3.)  He  (David)  said,  "I  wish 
I  would  have  had  a  bridle  in  my  mouth  and  should 
not  have  uttered  these  words." 


/D^ip  p  nnant-N 
Among  thorn  bushes  we  may  sometimes  find  a 
rose. 


—  .nox  na"pn 
The  seal  of  the  Lord  is  '  'Truth,"  (Ernes.) 


Life,  children  and  nourishment  (to  be  given  to 
man)  do  not  depend  upon  the  merits  of  a  man,  but 
upon  his  fortune.  (Moed  Koton  25.) 

&  3*3  —  /N'2J»  Ppy   D3H 

A  wise  man  occupies  a  better  position  than  a 
prophet. 

a»  nvnn  —  ,?|tei>  Dmp  nan 
A  wise  man  precedes  a  king. 

iv  j^in  —  /KIID^O  Nrijao  «i^on 
Danger  is  a  more  serious  offence  than  illegality. 

«33  'fl  V3B  —  ,*{?  ND»^  *6  VW  ,^3yn  K^>  B"3i»  30 

People  say  :  Do  not  favor  a  wicked  person  and 
no  evil  will  befall  thee, 


•words      (Speak  not   words  such  that   thou   wouldst 
iiave  to  repent  for  having  uttered  them.) 

N"B  PIKB  vfcvp^MUittM  IT  »D«na  mrni 
The  Scripture  says  ''And  thou  shalt  choose  life." 
By  this  is  meant  a  trade.     (Every  man  should  learn  a 
trade  ) 

a:p  nap—  ,xnpr  n"n«  ?trn  <IKO  »  xvns  vb\  t^nn  tnnb  ni?  'vi 

Woe  !  There  is  one  thing,  which,  when  it  de- 
parts, returns  no  more,  Rabbi  Chaninah  said,  "By 
this  the  days  of  our  youth  are  meant." 

non  >xin  mie9i6  obiyn  ?(rt)  «*na. 

,133 

Why  was  the  world  created  by  the  letter  '*  Hei  " 
(H)?  Because  this  world  is   likened  unto  a  gallery, 
whence  whoever  wants  to  depart  can  do  so. 

nx 


How  may  hatred  toward  on*'s  fellow-man  be 
illustrated  ?  A  man  should  not  say  "Love  the  Disci- 
ples of  the  Wise  and  despise  the  ignoramus,"  but  (he 
should  say)  ''Love  everyone." 

moiy  na^o  mar 


The  merits  of  a  trade  (work)  should  aid  in  such 
cases  where  paternal  merits  could  not  help  at  all. 


63 

^oarm—  ,D»wi>nn!>  nxis-in  103  ,a\>*ittr6  n 
Repentance  is  as  good  for  sinners   as   a  remedy 
for  a  disease. 

'         p  pn  /nyi  pr  n"3pn  JPIJ  nan  ^  "DI  ,'n  Tj 
?  noS  ,BBBW  ny  w  pan  $>D!>  ^3  -vi 
^  D'D^n  i?3  n^io  n\n  ,njyji  bi'sno  NIH 


•TTJK  THO  —  ,ny  !?3n  12  innn  IDKJ^  ,ny^  ^33 

.Vy  'D 

"But  as  for  me,  my  prayer  is  unto  Thee,  O  Lord, 
in  an  acceptable  time."  (Psalms  LXIX  14.)  The  Lord 
has  fixed  a  certain  time  for  everything  and  every 
object,  except  the  time  of  praying,  when  someone 
could  pray  and  be  answered.  For  it  is  written 
(Ecclesiasticus  VIII,  6)  "To  every  purpose  there  is 
time  and  judgment."  Why  is  it  so  ?  Why  was  there 
no  time  fixed  for  praying  ?  For  if  a  man  could  know 
the  acceptable  time  when  he  could  pray  and  be 
answered,  he  will  never  pray  except  that  time.  There- 
fore said  the  Lord  :  ''I  will  not  let  thee  know  when  thou 
couldst  be  answered,  so  that  thou  shouldst  pray  all 
the  time,  as  it  is  written  (Psalm  LXII,  8)  :  "Trust  in 
me  all  the  time." 


"inn  >s  '"0 
Thou  shouldst  not  bow  down  unto   thine  own 


62 

associate  with  her  husband  to  mingle  wine  and 
strong  drink  with  him.  For  through  the  beauty  of 
woman  many  people  were  corrupted  (destroyed), 
and  many  strong  men  have  been  slain.  Many  were 
the  wounds  of  those  who  went  around  looking  for 
opportunities  of  prostitution.  Like  a  spark  that 
kindles  up  a  big  fire  (is  their  destruction,  which 
ruins  all  their  belongings).  Like  a  cage  full  of  birds, 
so  also  is  their  house  full  of  cunning  (deceit). 
Withold  the  fool  from  coming  into  thy  house. 
Many  should  be  those  who  wish  thee  peace,  yet 
disclose  thy  secrets  to  but  one  out  of  a  thou- 
sand (friends).  Even  from  her  who  lieth  in 
thy  bosom  (thy  wife)  thou  shouldst  keep  the  ope- 
ning of  thy  mouth.  Do  not  care  about  to-morrow's 
tribulation,  for  thou  knowest  not  what  will  occur 
to-day.  Possibly  thou  shouldst  not  be  to-morrow, 
so  thou  wilst  have  grieved  about  a  day  that  is 
not  thine, 


,;Ta  .TDD  it6  n 

We  have  no  remedy  for  a  fool  whereby  to  make 
him  wise. 


.-npira  K-ISD—  ,n  uja  >ipe>  nirn 
The  value  of  peace  excels  that  of  every  thing  else. 


him  '"Master,  where  art  thou  going?'5  So  lie 
them  that  he  goeth  to  do  a  charitable  deed  for 
the  guest  that  is  in  his  house.  "And  hast  thou 
guests  every  day  ?"  they  asked  him.  "Is  not  this 
poor  soul  within  the  body  a  guest?  To-day  it 
(soul)  is  here,  tomorrow  it  is  not  here''. 

mis  pi      «  sjoaa  :r6  njonon 


He  who  is  appointed  to  a  high  office   ( 

)  that  he  bought  with  money,  is  not 
given  the  honorary  title  of  Rabbi,  and  his  garb 
of  dignity  is  not  more  honored  than  the  saddle 
that  is  on  the  back  of  an  ass. 


The  world  without  the   Sabbath  day  would  be 
like  a  ring  without  a  seaL 

n^yn  ^VN  en  bs   /nnn^on  *n$>n  js  jn  n^N»  ^^'j?  D'bj?n 
rrann  ^3  o*D».vjn  inminn  D^T  nD1  rr^K  nsina  ^a  ,nstn  p»  icy 
«^o  aiba  ,n!jn3  n^yiD  px»»  ,nny  -13-6  D^JIOH  ^an  •'yvs  vn 
,DV  n^  no  yin  xb  »a  /nno  mv  nvn  ^x  /nonn  K^D  on^nn  p 
/ibty  WKB'  n^iy.n  ^y  nyDve  «VDJ  .urtn  «a  ino 
«>  mo  n^3  ,^oi^  <jjnn  vrr  D"3-i  ^n 


Turn    thy    eye  away    from  a    graceful  woman, 
lest  thou   shouldst  be  taken  into  her  net.    Do  not 


60 

destroyers  and  they  that    made    thee  waste    shall 
go   forth  from  thee.)    (lesaia  50). 


(..o'pmn  rimy  o^yiu  D'3ptn 
There  are  many  old  camels  that  bear  the  hides 
of  young  ones  that  have  already  died. 


.j"5  mana—  .onDp  HM-PD  pn  D-DP 

Everything  is  directed  by  the  hands  of  God, 
except  the  fear  of  Heaven  (God),  (for  man  is  led 
to  take  it  for  himself.) 

.MBO  nnr—  .$>:rn2e>  mo  i^as  ^ron  "i^n  ^an 
Everything  depends  upon  its  planet  (luck);  even 
the  Scroll  of  the  Torah  that  is  in  the  Holy  Shrine. 

.^4  rat?—  .Tayn  &6  -jianij  ^JD  -j^yn  i»«  b^n 
Hillel  said:  "Do  nothing  unto  another  that  you 
would  not  have  done  unto   yourself." 

no»  »DOV  s|^m  ^no  nM  vn^obno  IBSJ  iTn^  nyt^a  jprn  ^n 
N^oaspn  oy  non  ^103^  :nnij-iDX  ^WiftftK 
Ku*B3  pm  :on^  IOK  ?K^DDK  «j^>  n^s  "KOV  !>3 
K^n  n^  nno^  xan  MM  p  MDV    ?MBU  ua  NM 

.ina  nno  .Man 

.rn^yn  lys?  n"n—  .a^n  DD^pfw?6n 

Hillel  the  Elder,  when  departing  from  his 
disciples  (from  the  Beth  Hammidrash),  was  wont 
to  go  with  them  a  little  way.  Once  they  asked 


59 

.a*'  n^j»-.e>Kn3  psip  ornn 

"The  Ignoramus  is  the  first  to   break  in  with 
his  opinion." 

.rat'in—  .-pao  oxnnn  K^  ny  •pT1  nx  P  ^ 
Think  over  the   words  that  thou  goest  to  speak 
before  thou  bringest   them  forth  out  of  thy  mouth, 
.rum  7jtan  p—»3l^33  iBon  nx  jm  o'nrn  DK  r6t^  fern 
Time  can  send  a  fly  which    will  ensnare    the 
eagle  in  a  bird  cage.  (Ben  Hamslech  Vehanozir). 

.m:yn  -w  DTasn  nnno—  .lyats  «f»i  iiy^  ^n»  nxin 
The  wolf  changes  his  color  but  not  his  nature 


Love  mostly  those  friends  who  rebuke  you. 


He  who  suspects  his  friend  to  have  been  guilty 
of  something  of  which  he  actually  was  not,  must 
ask  for  his  pardon. 

on3  YID—  .roai  H3  ppn  /myn  m  HSJ-I  n^na  x^a?  nn\n 
There  was   a  living  coal  before  him.   He  blew 

upon  it  and  kindled  it  up;   then  he    spit    upon    it 

and  it  was  extinguished, 

B^  pYinJD—  .JO3J   !V3  bn^  N3K  .^31  WO  ^3*K  niDNT  13",n 
(.1K»»  1DD  ^^2^1^D1  TDino) 

People  say,  "From  the  trees  of  the  forest  we 
take  a  handle  for  the  axe  to  cut  them  out.  (Thy 


58 


.B*J  D'3  —  xm-a  cppr 

People  say:   One   whose    relative    was     hanged 
shall   not  say  to  his  friend  "hang  this  fish  up". 


c  13 
.VB  pany-.-irm^  ID  nosi  nontr  pt3  D'H^K 

Rabbi  Bar  Mori  expounded  :  "He  shall  abide  before 
God  forever;  mercy  and  truth  will  be  prepared  to 
preserve  him."  When  shall  he  abide  forever  before 
the  Lord?  When  he  will  exercise  mercy  and  truth. 


«D"nn  pj    nonp 
Manners  were  created  before  the  Tree  of  Life. 


emo—  »D»Dyo  VKB-U  p  by  naa  noxn 
"Truth"  is   very    heavy;   therefore    those    that 
carry  it  are  very  few. 

.n"D3  V-Q  —  ybon  'urn  »nav  a"j;  ,onpy  rn 
The  Patriarchs  were  barren  (childless). 

•D'J  nmna—  .moyy  n^  /nov  n»b  nx-ao 
Idleness  causes  a  man  to  commit  suicide. 


.nenn  nmo  laoa—  .injaj  nsr  $ 
He  who  is  crook-backed  does  not  see  his  hunch, 


enno—  .a11  nx  n 
If  the  vine  of  the  vineyard   was  not  bent  while 
it  was    moist,  it  can  not  be  bent  when  it  is   dry. 


57 

house,  prays  the  Lord  to  aid  him  complete  his  work 

successfully. 

XT  ?non  no  »ap  NT  ?rra  no  rva  NT  N^T  ,rpa  rtaa  rra  tm 

«N"»  Dmj— «i|jjp  no  "op  x^ 

He  who  possesseth  some  knowlege  possesseth 
everything.  If  he  hath  not  knowledge,  what  hath 
he  then?  He  who  acquireth  it  (knowledge),  what 
doth  he  lack?  If  one  hath  not  acquired  it  what 
other  valuable  thing  could  he  have  gained. 
—  .12  ny&  n'apn  SJKS?  Di^n  ^ru  tun  ^xyw1  'n  un 

»n"D  nina^ 

We  were  taught  by  Rabbi  Ishmael,  that  peace 
is  suck  a  great  (essential),  that  the  Lord  himself 
had  made  a  change  of  words,  only  to  preserve 
peace- 

«3"p  rna-a— .3^3  D'DJSJ  iSn  \o  pawn  onan 

Words  that  come  forth  from  the  depth  of  the 
heart  enter  directly  into  the  heart. 

.rfanro— .KWDipa  o^pn  p^o  -IDS  sana  no'oi>  *yan 

He  who  wants  to  speak  falsehood,  let  him  speak 
some  truth  at  the  beginning. 

.YD  rursn  —.013*6  prrm  anr  ^aa  nnupb  ppp  mm  nan 

•a"a  nrjn  n^env 

To  acquire  knowledge  is  as  diflScult  as  it  is 
to  secure  golden  vessles ;  but  it  can  be  lost  as 
easily  as  the  glass  vessles  are  lost 


56 

»'n  JTO-Q— .D^C^XT: 
He  who  enjoys  the  products  of   his   own    labor 
is  considered  greater  than  he  who  fears  Heaven. 


.'B  a'a— .nenyn  p  nnv 
He  who  persuades  others  to  give  charity  is  con- 
sidered greater  than  he  who  gives  charity  himself. 


ntryn  &  nnntr  nvon 
Respect  for  man's  fellow-man  is   a  great   thing, 
for  it  abolishes  the  force  of  a  negative  precept. 


W 

The  hospitable  reception   of  strangers  is  greater 
than  the  reception  of  the  presence  of  the  Schechinah. 

.vp  pinjo— .rpro  ppw  rr6  nrn 


People  say^  "The  camel  wished  to  have  horns, 
wherefore  his  ears  were  cut  off.  (He,  who  wishes  for 
more,  losses  the  little  he  has.)" 

•6   }nj  xb  i^ax  ,n\Si'<  D"J2>   1202  nnn  nx 


He  who  receives  his  friend  with  a  friendly  mien, 
although  he  gave  nothing,  is  considered  to  have 
given  all  the  gifts  of  the  world. 


O"D  irons—  .np  worn  Nninno  DISK 
The  thief,  when  digging  through  his  neighbor's 


55 
world   into  the  hands  of  watchmen. 


.rvn  3*3  nstPiT—  .nano  onsim  nmyo  Drurio  DTI' 
The    gifts    of    flesh    and  blood    (man)  is    very 
little,  but  his  shame  is  great* 

rO  newt  ^yaaviD'sa  ,10132  13:  DIKPI  nnan 


The  character  of  a  man  may  be  judged 
from  three  things,  namely:  how  he  acts  when 
he  has  his  cup  (of  stimulant  beverage}r  how  he 
deals  when  he  must  use  the  money  of  his- 
purse,  and  also  according  to  haw  he  acts  when 
angered. 


Kin  jno»   *'na  :>NDB"  "i 
,n'P 

When  Abdant  defamed  Kabbi  Ishmael  Ben  losi, 
he  (Abdam)  was  stricken  with  leprosy,  two  of  his- 
sons  were  drowned,  and  two  of  his  daughters-in- 
law  demanded  to  be  separated  from  their  husbands. 


.3*3D  annas  —  i 

The  greatest  hero  is  he  who  has  the    ability    of 
turning  his   anemy   into  his  friend, 


imT  nvinv 

The  service  done  to  wise  disciples  (Talmud 
Hohom)  is  of  greater  importance  than  the  study  of 
the  Law  itself. 


54" 

N*-Q  ^TK  wtano:?  sn^n  pa 

People  say:  When  the  mother  (of  a  new  born 
relies  upon  the  midwife  to  take  care  of  the 
ohild,  and  the  midwife  trusts  the  mother  to  take 
=care  of  it,  the  out  come  is  that  the  child  of  the 
-suffering  mother  dies. 


.n"o  moa'—.jnpn  tops 
i.n'v  p*iB  tnn  ]»y    .winy  p'm1  iptfS  nsnn) 
The   camel  boasted  that  in   Medea    he    danced 
with   in  the  circle  of  a  pail    (He    who    wants    to 
deceive  about  some  occurrence  says  that  it  happened 
at  a  distant  locality,   so  that  his  deceitfulness  rnaj 
not   be  detected. 


»i*j  pany—  .D^au  ini  D'^yuin  :me'n  'Ott'y  pen 

The   man  kind    is  as    the    grass    of    the    field^ 
some  are  flowered   while  others  are  faded, 


in  ta 

Though  thy  son's  son  sell  wax,   (an  abominable 
article),   be  thou  not  afflicted   about  it. 


pox  » 
JIDKH) 

Wine,    lead   .to  every  injury.  (Intoxication  may 
lead  to  any  misfortune.) 


.'D  t"y—  anD«    iDiy  IDIDB'  Dipon 
Blessed  be  the  Omnipresent  who  delivered  Hig 


53 

nee—  .royo  bbab  N3  oya  bbab  N3 
As  soon  as  a  person  grows  angry  he  is  apt  to 
commit  an  error 

•n'y  Nor—  .NTobn  b'as*  rm  bnai 

People  say:  The    scholar    eats    (lives)    through 
the  merit  of  the  instructor. 


'mn 

Blessed  be  thou  who  has  kept  me  this  day 
from  shedding  blood.  By  the  word  (Bedomim)  blood, 
we  understand  two  kinds  of  blood. 


.3"*  p"3—  , 

People  say:  That,  when  the  thorn  bushes  are 
plucked  off,  the  useful  vegetables  (cabbage)  is  also 
plucked  off  (unwillingly)  (On  account  of  the  guilty 
person  the  innocent  is  also  punished  sometime.) 


.n"o  rvo-a—  -.JPT  rrBBp»  pvn  pvia 

jfr  i«^j?oa  103) 

People  say  :  By  the  blossom  that  is  cut  off,  we 
can  judge  how  the  fruit  will  be  (whether  bad  or 
good). 


nx  NS2»  nto 
Idleness  couses  a  man  to   commit  suicide. 


.3*¥  P'V3—  .Np  iTO  HK'H  N    tOD  HTD 

For  people  say,   "Throw  no  stone  into  the  well 
from  which  thou  drinkest  water". 


52 


."•  a*a—  .nj'aK>  *JB  apm  nan  'jy   nrsns  jnu  ns 
If    a    man    gives    a   pruto  (a  coin  of  very  little 
value),  he  is    mendered   meritorious    to    behold   the 
Divine  presence. 

mow  nuoan  NTI  nbru  yanrp  m!>  rp?  IOK  no'p  DUK^TUK 
OHDK  n"no—  .n^XDty  nynn  Kin  ^na  n^  IBK  /D^KT  D^ya^  pa 
Emperor  Andrionis,  said  to  Rav  loshua;  ''Won- 
derful that  a  lamb    among  seventy   wolves  can  be 
saved   from  their  ferocity".   Rav   loshua  answered, 
"More  wonderful  is  the    shephard   who  guards  and 
rescues  the  lamb  from  the  seventy  wolves".  (Jewish 
Race  is  referred  to  as  sheep  and  God  as  Shephard. 
The  seventy  wolves  as  all  the  other  nations). 

.T'D  pmruD—  .rrb  rip  NDXI  rvot?  NDK  ^n  ^a  "Kpn  NDN 

A  rose,  though    standing    among    thorn-bushes, 
still  retains  its  name  and  is  called  by   it. 


,n"D  o'a—.Knp  E"p  t^p  Kra 
If  a  coin  be  put  into  an  empty  pitcher  a  great 
rattle  would  be  heard   therefrom. 

—.ion  nns  nuy^a  PK   DX  ,ni^yDn  baa  chwo  nns  I^DK 


Even  if  thou  hast  attained  the  perfection  of 
men,  but  thou  possessest  not  meekness,  there  is 
still  something  that  thou  lackest. 


61 

may  get    it    by  his  tongue,    and    he    who    seeketh 
death  may  also  receive  it  by  his  tongue. 
The  tongue  is  the  pen  of  the  heart.  (Hovas   Alvo- 
vas  Shaar  Hoanva) 

'33  'iv  xbi  ,pntn  tO3iy  psyn  &bt?b  ;'CE>y  "33  pri"  n"b  rox 


They  said  to  him;  "Let  the  children  of  the 
nations  go  in  peace,  for  they  follow  the  deeds  of 
Aaron  (pursuing  peace)  and  let  the  children  of  Aaron 
not  dwell  in  peace,  for  they  do  not  act  as  Aaron  did". 

.rr'3  prnp—  Dvinb  IJYVDCO  rrojb  WITDK 
When  one  says,   '  'This   (article)   I  give  to  God'" 
it  is  considered  as   if  it  were  being  delivered  into 
the  bands  of  man. 

abiyo   Dibs?  DTK  nonpn  sbs?  <X3T  J3   pnr  -i  by  vby  II»:N 

•T'1  ni3-i3—  .jwa  naa  ib^ss* 

People   said  about   Rabbi  Yochanan  Ben  Zachai, 

'That  a  person,   even  a   pagan,   never  greeted  him 

first  (as  he  was  always  careful  to  greet  others  first)". 


Kin  13  njie>  nvnbe35?n  n«  nbyo  nnst?  ny  ,b'isn  ns  nan  DK 

.T3  n'lo—  .iWKnn  nx  nat?  133 

Though  thou  shouldst  flay  the  fool,  while  thou 
liftest  thy  rod  to  repeat  it  on  his  back,  he  forgets 
the  pain  of  the  first  stroke  rod. 


50 

anything  else?"  So  they  said  to  him:  "We  need  thy 
prayer  (Blessing)."  Then  he  said  unto  them:  "If  you 
need  my  prayer  —  My  God  Almighty  give  you  mercy". 

.rp  D»nDB—  /^oa  TIDTI  bw  Knyaaa  lien  wna  3-6  m  ib  ICK 

Rav  said  to  Rav  Cohano,  "Rather  handle  a  car- 
case of  an  animal  (do  any  derogatory  work)  than 
alter  your  word." 


p*nv  jnE'3  ,D'33i:    niK'Bi  isy}  ne>o  IT 

.T*D  nb*ao—  .o^aaiab  ny  pbiy  pbw  fneai  ncyb  ny 

They  told  him  that  this  Jewish  Nation  is  likened 
unto  the  stars  and  the  dust,  for  when  they  rise  they 
ascend  to  the  stars,  and  when  they  descend  they 
reach  to  the  dust.  (Megila  16) 

to  ,boio  nnNi  pjnpi  DIN  hv  ina«  ba  /jiB'bS  n"3pn  rvb  ics 
••ne'  ^^  ""nopn^  JON  niyxpi  ,D':aao  nnsi  pna»  DIN  hv  max 
JIB'!?  ib  sTDi"1  noi  ^b  jn*  no    .itra  b^  nnsi  D^y  b^  nnx  moin 
,vyD  paiy—  ns3^3  runs  '•yan  ,nt»iB'^3  D-'-n  ^yan  ••si  ncxns  ,nsoi 

(•n"»  '"jtro  .'i3i  uitrbi  TE  1011?  IDK  K"DD  osnm 
The  Holy  One,  blessed  be  He,  said  to  the  tongue, 
"All  the  members  of  the  human  body  are  in  a  stan- 
ding position,  only  thou  art  in  a  lying  position;  all 
members  are  external  only  thou  are  internal;  more- 
over have  I  surrounded  thee  by  two  walls,  one  of 
bone  and  the  other  of  flesh.  What  shall  be  given 
unto  thee?  or  what  shall  be  done  unto  thee,  thou 
false  tongue?  For  Rovo  said,  "He  who  seeketh  life 


49 
another  one's  oath,  is  as  if  he  took  the  oath  himself. 

.vs  pbin—  .nv-iun  run  niJib  "notf  ^S*IEK>  ION 
Sameul  said,    "It    is    forbidden   to    deceive  the 
minds  of  people". 


.&"j  D*-:i-.r    s^ri  pm 
People  said,  "If  thy  wife  be  of  low  stature,  bow 
down  and  listen  to  her  advice''. 


The  mouse  and  the  cat  prepare  a  banquet  of  the 
fat  of  the  unfortunate.  (Two  enemies  often  join  to- 
gether to  take  revenge  of  their  other  foe.) 


or  wyoa  on^yoB'  /ptyns    pron^  pynvn  JD  «N  ptwa  p^ 


King  7anai  said  to  his  wife,  "Do  not  fear  the 
Perushim  nor  the  non-Perusian,  but  fear  those  hypo- 
crites, who  claim  to  be  Perushim,  they  are  as  wicked 
in  their  actions  as  Zimri,  and  demand  a  recompense 
as  that  of  Pinch  as". 


onx  D'anx  ,DTPIK  nm  pnnn  nni  eioan  nn  nnb 
pya  pnn  ^ni^v  DS  nnb  no«   .p^ya  p«  in^x  n^b  P-IID 

.sn   inio—  ."D^m  DDbjn^  HP  bm» 

He  said  unto  them:   "Here   is   the  money,   here 

is  the  gift  and  here  is   your  brother.    Do   you  need 


48 
,vrn 


.'D  nran 

(,minn  10  wsv  n"n  m) 


Rabbi  Simon  Ben  Yohoi  said,  "People  would  not 
say,  examine  this  camel  or  this  hog  as  to  whether 
it  is  fit  to  be  sacrificed  (for  they  are  absolutely 
forbidden  to  be  sacrificed  as  an  offering  to  the  Lord 
even  when  they  are  without  any  defect),  but  they 
would  say.  "Examine  this  lamb,  (which  is  perfectly 
admitted  to  be  sacrificed  but  may  be  excluded  on 
the  ground  of  having  a  defect)". 

p&n  ,mxnB  irvab  o:a:n  I&OIP  n'npn  anai  nymx  ^oen 

.T"t3  nnj—  -nan 

Rabbi  Simon  Ben  Yohoi  said,  "There  are  four 
things  that  the  Holy  One,  blessed  be  He;  abhors;  and 
one  of  them  is  when  one  enters  his  own  house 
suddenly;  how  much  more  so  when  one  enters 
his  friends  house  unexpectedly". 

Vio^  .nra  Tnai  iwmn   DINT  XICD   ^  nn  nn^>  <m  -ICN 

.n"B  o"2—  .npn-  N^  'ati  Knpjr  D'am  '3"n  H'DN  NJ^HT 
Rabbi  said,  "I  had  seen  a  book  of  the  time  of 
Adam,  (the  first  man)  in  which  it  was  writen  that 
Samuel  Yarchinoo  would  be  called  Hacham  (an  in- 
telligent man)  but  he  would  not  be  called  Rabbi". 
.-on  vao  ny-or  NVIDS  nyias?  ins  ION  njiyn  ba  bsioi?'  ic« 

•  13*3  WOP 

Samuel  said,    "He  who  answers   "Amen"  after 


47 

not  ploughed  and  not  sown,  but  they  grow  up  by 
themselves". 

.T'ba  T'i»—  .onana  inonj  ib  jivb  no  ib  PN  as  s<6  'i  -IBK 

Rabbi  Levi  said:  "If  you  have  nothing  to  give 
the  poor,  comfort  him  with  words". 

pan    n"3pn  pN2>  D^rmi  D'X'333    ,min3  irvo  "6  "i  IOK 

.p'tsa  T'no—  .yty-i  DTS  i>rio^pa 

Rabbi  Levi  said:  "We  find  throughout  all  Scrip- 
ture that  the  Holy  One-Blessed  be  He-does  not 
wish  the  wicked  to  praise  him". 

pn  irnon  B"   b^b  pnj  13  py»B>  '-» 


Rabbi  Simon  said:  "Everything  can  be  exchan- 
ged except  the  woman  that  one  marries  in  his 
youth". 


.n"'p  D^noa—  .o^s  -D^BTD  '•IKI  11303  npsy  nny  Tyon  ?3i 
Rav  Sheshes  said  in  the  name  of  Rabbi  Elia- 
zar  Ben  Azaryah:  "He  who  goes  about  slandering 
others,  he  who  received  the  slander  and  he  who 
bears  false  witness  against  his  neighbor,  deaerve 
to  be  thrown  to  the  dogs  to  be  eaten  by  them". 


y  31 

Rav  Sheshes  said,  "Arrogance  is  a  great  quaen, 
the   crown  is  the  only  thing  it  lacks". 


46 

>3*s  p'3—  py*jn  jo  tnv  pyivb  ^  -^  pny  ' 
Rabbi    Isaac    said:    "The  plain  tiff  must   suffer 
more  than  the  defendant", 


pm*  n 
vby  }\sa  D'yjJi   n-'DB'b  ny  nu^y  bnaoi  ,ton 

.vn  paiy—  .pN-n  ibpo^  D-'a^ 

Rabbi  Yohanan  said  :  "He  whose  tongue  speaketh 
evil  (a  talebearer)  is  considered  as  if  he  denied  the 
existence  of  God;  he  has  no  share  in  the  world  to 
come,  he  raises  his  inquities  unto  the  sky;  plagues 
are  inflicted  upon  him  and  he  deserved  to  be 
lapidated''. 

,D*anpn  ns  npmDi?  KB^  r6nj  ?:nv  'i 


.3'P  p-nn:D—  . 

Rabbi  Yohanan  said  :  That  food  is  great,  for  it 
causes  those  who  are  near  to  be  distand  and  those 
who  are  dietand  to  be  near;  it  turns  the  eye  of 
the  Lord  from  the  wicked,  it  causes  the  divine 
presence,  (Schina)  to  rest  among  the  prophets  of 
the  idol  Baal,  and  when  not  given  in  error  to  him 
who  needs  it,  has  the  result  of  a  sin  committed 
presumptuously. 

'yiu  tfbi  D'Knm  t6  iSSi  D'Xion  'is  p  yenrv  "i  IDK 

.T'DD  TO—  .r*«r  p 
Rabbi  Joshua   Ben  Pazi  said:   "The    thorns  are 


45 

little  streams    of    water,    which    when    filled  with 
water  gradually  grow  larger  and    larger". 

.'p  p-nruD—  .nra^n  by  pbina  lan  hy  pbinn  ba  Mon  a-i  ION 

Rav    Hisdo    said,     "He     who     contradicts     his 
Teacher,  is  as  if  he  were  contradicting  the  Lord". 


nB»iy  i'Ka  121  ny  nano   ntwn  r»a  srjn  13  NDH  an 

.  'p  p-nnjD—  .nraevi  oy  na^o 

Rabbi  Home  Bar  Hanina  said,  "He  who  quarrels 
with  his  Teacher,  is  as  if  he  were  quarreling 
with  the  Lord". 

D^m  no  /D^rob  D^niK  laco:  nob  Nrjn  -i"a  sen  'i  ION 
.ftD  niaia—  .mm  ^  o^mx  na  mnob  nxoiBD  mxn  nx  pbyo 
Rabbi  Homo,  the  son  of  Rabbi  Hanina,  said, 
•'That  the  purpose  of  writing  the  words  (tents)  and 
(rivers)  near  to  each  other  in  the  Bible, 
(Numbers  XXIV,  6)  is  to  indicate,  that  just  as  well 
as  rivers  have  the  ability  of  bringing  man  from  a 
state  of  (physical)  impurity  into  a  state  of  clean- 
liness; the  tents  (of  learning)  possess  the  ability 
of  causing  man  to  be  judged  charitably^  instead 
of  being  judged  severely". 

->riN  oyino  i^xa   ian  nnx  ny-inon  !?a  NDB  na  xrsn  'i  -IOK 

.'p  p-nnjo  -.nrasrn 

Rabbi  Hanina  Ben  Papa  said,  "He  who  becomes 
enraged  against  his  teacher,  is  as  if  he  were 
become  enraged  against  the  Lord". 


44 


.3"*  p-nnjo—  .ry  nniy  i'*o  rnans  *|non  >D  nry^K  >m\  now 

Rabbi    Eliazar  said  "That  he  who  changeth  his 
word  is  considered  to  have  committed  idolatry". 


•  'B  3*3—  .nenyn  JD  -inv  npyon    n 
Rabbi  Eliazar  said,  "He  who  encourages  others 
to  give  charity  deserves  greater  praise  than  he  who 
gives  it". 

nnn:  *6  ,Dr6  nro3  ••nB*  nnb  injirv  mbn   N 


Rav  said  ''That  if  Jonathan  had  given  David  two 
loaves  of  bread,  Nov  would  not  have  been  destroyed. 
Doeg  would  not  have  been  disturbed,  and  Saul  and 
his  three  sons  would  not  have  been  slain. 


/p  p-nruD—  .1*62  naiy  npi^nco  p'tnorr  ba  3 
Rav  said,  "He  who  insists    upon  continuing   to 
quarrel,  violates  a  precept  of  the  law". 


K3TIOK 


mo«  K^  naw'jo 

Rovo  said,  "It  may  be  said  that  even  if  there 
were  a  famine  lasting  seven  years,  it  would  pass  by 
the  door  of  a  man  who  had  a  trade  (handiwork) 


nm  jv3  N^cn    KpT2n   joirv    K^OT  N-on  ^n  KJIH  3T  10  K 

—  .nn 


Rav  Huno  said,    "Disputes  are  comparable  unto 


43 

m*D  20 

.'p 

He  who  blows  off  the  sediment  that  comes 
to  the  top  of  the  glass,  proves  that  he  is  not 
thirsty.  He  who  says,  "What  should  I  eat  this 
bread  with/'  (requiring  something  besides  it)  proves 
that  he  is  not  hungry. 

mBtrm  ;ve>y  nesm  irpyt?  no  bs  y^eai  n'apn  »jebin  IOK 

.10  n*o—  .ib  TIBWU?  T'n  b'K  ?nob 
David  said  to  the  Holy  One  (Blessed  be  He), 
"Master  of  the  world!  Everything  (else)  that  Thou 
hast  created  was  wisely  created;  (but)  what  use 
will  the  world  have  of  Folly  that  Thou  hast  cre- 
ated? The  Lord  then  said  to  him:  "It  is  as  true 
as  th«u  livest  that  thou  will  make  use  of  it". 


inn   Wfco  minBi  n-vay  n-a  &"E>  DIN  ni3N  13  xas  31  ICN 

.T"ta  myn—  -nu  p^DBironen  n 

Rav  Ada  Bar  Aava  said  "A  man  who  confesses 

a  violation  that  he    has    committed,    and    does  not 

cease  doing  it,  is  likened  to  one  who  keeps  a  reptile 

in  his  hand,  etc. 


Rabbi  Abuha  said,  "He  who  criticises  his  master 
(teacher),  is  considered  as  if  he  were  criticising  the 
Lord". 


42 


pino   ,syoni  10  ,iiyn'  ja    pino  »rm  ^> 
.D^'jan  -imo—  .)»fpni 

Be  not  sweet  lest  thou  shouldst  be  swelled;  be 
not  bitter  lest  thou  shouldst  be  lessened;  be  not 
sweet  lest  thou  shouldst  be  sucked  out  (exploited); 
be  not  soft  lest  thou  shouldst  be  trampled  upon; 
nor  be  thou  rough  lest  thou  shouldst  be  cut  off 
(exterminated)  . 


,ynrn  im—  .join  ynonE'K      KDZJIK 
If    black    did    not  exist,    we    would    not  know 
what  white  is. 


-mxn  inr—  ,aoinj 
If    darkness  did  net  exist,  we  would  not  know 
what  light  is*. 


—  .icnan  ynon^K  N?«Dpya  NDIES?  nanri< 
If    foolishness    existed    not    in   the    world,    we 
would   not  know  what  wisdom  is. 


nx  pODin  pnajn  ,pt»ano«    on^nm 

.no  D'noa-.nibpDa  oyn 

Aba  Shaul  Ben  Botnis  said:  "Woe  me  because 
of  their  pens,  (slander),  woe  me  because  of  their 
fists,  for  they  are  High  Priests,  their  sons  are 
treasurers,  their  sons-in-law  are  superintendents, 
and  their  servants  beat  the  people  with  rods". 


41 

One  with  which  to  speak  about  wordl}r  affairs  and 
one  for  the  study  of  the  law.  But  he  (Rabbi  Simon 
Ben  Yohi)  changed  his  mind  saying,  that  if  a  man, 
having  only  one  mouth,  talks  so  much  evil  (being 
harmful  to  the  world),  how  much  more  would  be 
speak  if  he  had  two  mouths. 


.1'B  nniro  Nnaoin—  .nnion  jruBD  pj^'D  PR 
People    should    not    be    at    variance    with    the 
custom  of  the  people   of  the   country. 

.n'j  maia—  ima  D'aboa  DN  «bx  iiavn  by  DJ-IB  proyo  PR 

A  director  of  public  affairs  should  not  be  appointed 
unless  the  public  has  been  consulted  (about  his 
appointment). 


•no  nar—  »TK3  K*:n»  non  -^a  psi  /wsj  nisw  PR 
"A    fool  is  not    sensitive,   and   the  flesh  of    the 
dead  does  not  feel  the  incision  of  the  knife". 

,3"D  rnaR—  .-imrn  jo  cmsn  ^x 
"Separate  not  thyself  from  the   community". 

oirbn   nym  ,onyno  ibnn-  omv  nya  n^R  D'r:Nn  JD  ^nn  bx 
•T'»  tin?  •'Jicann—  .nniw  lyjr  on^y  nyai  ,  Driven  by  ionj 

"Be  thou  not  of  those  people  who  cease  their 
wickedness  when  they  are  in  distress;  "when  ill 
they  repent  of  their  iniquities,  and  when  in  poverty 
they  humble  their  pride". 


40 


0*3  TH—.nNJ  rtrwiafcMi&H  nspio  n'apn  p« 
The  Holy  One,    Blessed  be  He,   does   not  fail  to 
reward  one   for  a  nice  expression  that  He  utters. 


.'n  maia—  .DniDNn  rrao  imy  THD  nan  p« 
He  who  is  imprisoned    cannot  release    himself. 

•maw  n*iD  —  nn«  muss  D^O  vrpp  ny  j»bwj  b^ic"  PK 
Israel  will  not  be  redeemed  until    they   will  alJ 
be  united  in  one  band. 


,B«B  vtnn—  .nya  pn 

An  upright  woman  is   she  who    doth   the  will 
of  her  husband. 
VCD  njp:n—  ,noNco  imin  p«  nnocj'  v'ByK  n'n  nr  »njx  nr:  b« 

I  went  down  into  the  garden  of  nuts.  "By 
this  the  learned  scholar  is  alluded  to,  whose  teach- 
ings, although  he  himself  had  sinned,  are  not 
rejected. 


•T'B  T"K1—  . 

A  man  should  not  mourn  when  he  is  among 
people  who  rejoice;  nor  should  he  be  happy  when 
he  is  among  mourners. 

pn  BO  nab  x-iam  KJ^KP  ^n  'ron  KIIO  by  D'Kp  win  ii>« 
nn     N  noi  ->ONI  irn  ,vanv  ba  T3yT  im  un»nwa  'y^T  in  /poic 


T'B  niro 

If  I  would  have  been  on  Mount  Sinai,   I  would 
have  asked  the  Lord  to  create  man  with  two  mouths. 


39 


.T'D  rims—  .nr-an  DN  naaon  ?nao»  nrw 
Who  is  honored  ?   He  who  honoreth  his  fellow- 

creatures. 


nn  nnj  15  tw  *o  ?3  ?TB>y  nrN 

Who   is  rich  ?    He  who  findeth  pleasure  in  his 
riches. 


.rvm  N   VINISO  Nip 
(.»3»  jots  nrya 

If  a  peasant  be  made  king,  he  would  not  take 
the  basket,  (which  he  was  wont  to  carry)  off  from 
his  shoulder.  (Habit  is  second  nature). 


•nuina 

A  man  is  forbidden  to  sell  any  article  that  belongs 
to  his  wife. 


—  .jna  iioy    pa»  nn'-xn  PNS?  anan  in^vn   r  inna  1*3 


The   Beth-Din    (the   Jewish   Court)    should    not 
issue   a  law  which  the  people  cannot  obey. 


/ax  rttro  iBDa—  .prn  ^sa  n»iy  121  p« 
Nothing    can    oppose  itself   against  the  circum- 
stances of  the  time. 


—  na    ^?^y  Nini?   nyeo  NN  onxn  HN  n  n'3pn  PN 

.j'^n  no 

The  Holy  One,  Blessed  be  He,  judges  man  only 
according  to  his  present  state  and  condition. 


38 

wife  nicely,  even  if  I  will  have  no  garment  to  wear 
at  all". 

V-io    ,nns  nxjp  8*71  nirro  HND  ICKI  ne>D  pyv  nye- 


At  that  time  Moses  exclaimed,  "A  man  should 
rather  die  one  hundred  times  than  to  envy  his 
friend  once,  (Envy  is  worse  than  death). 

•  DTion  nnao—  .ntrin  noop  ba  nnnx 
The  result  of  every  controversy  is  regret. 

.a'D  mm—  .m  pbin  nmn  ^sij  bstf  mirzt?  njep  n^is  nt'K 
(.inj?T'  Tarn  '  ^m"  n*i2) 

Which  is  the  smallest  portion  (of  the  Scripture) 
which  expresses  all  the  essentials  of  the  law?  It  is 
this:  In  all  thy  ways  acknowledge  Him  (the  Lord) 


Who   is    a  hero?    He  who  quelleth  his  desires. 


nr« 
Who    is   a  wise  man?     He    who  learneth  from 

everybody. 


Who   is  called  a  wise  man?  He  who  contemp- 
lateth  into  the  future. 

.To  nux-.ipbnn  nctrn  ?TW  HTK 
Who  is  rich  ?    He  who  rejoiceth  in  his  portion. 


37 


jnii 

/orn»  NPI  TIK  sb  'jrn  22^   ,-Dmoi  TIK  ^DJ  xnun  22** 

•Ca'O  nap) 

To  the  dwellings  of  the  rich  many  friends  and 
relatives  come  (for  each  wishes  to  benefit  something), 
but  to  the  poor  man's  house  no  friends  come.  (The 
nch  man  has  many  friends,  but  the  poor  has  none). 

.n^'jsn  -mac—  «po^  162  SNDBO  onan  N?2  on« 
A  man     without    friends    is  same  as  the  left  hand 
without  the  right  hand. 

."  2"2—  ,nrae>  ^abapoi  nait  ^yb  none  JITO  DIK 
If  a  man  gives  a  pruto  (a  coin   of  very  little  value), 
he    is    rendered    meritorious    to  behold    the   Divine 
presence. 

pans  VBDiK>t?  nnfj  &  w\  .D.TBDit?  ns  wzww   ^-fo  ib  ^IK 

.nn   THD—  .BBBTtb 

Woe  to  that  generation  which  judges  its  judges,  and 
woe  to  the  generation  whose  judges  must  be  judged- 

.B"B   a"3—  ."IB1N  N^  DN  "b  ^S    ,1O1K  DN  ^  "IN 

Woe  to  me  if  I  should  say  it,  woe  if  I  should  not 
say  it. 

D'p'D  ^   ^n  ,-\wch  rj    i2n    KmiN 

.VB  nmna  'em*— 
n?3  OK  DJI    OK  n^i'  nnja  'ntrn  nw 


People  are  accustomed  to  say,  "I  will  dress   my 


36 


nyn 
non  N^  inni  , 
inn  ^IK  ,ns 

^pQ  /'• 
my  ID^DV 


nyny   ma: 
no  & 

n»n  nui 
pyob 


DCT  u  yjn 


••a— 

,nnnio  pxn  ^y  na  D 
isaiynn  minom  narn 
«m 


oy 


5"r  IKPJ       D  n  -i  2  K  D'pnpn 
invn  nnnv   on^ni^aj   vni    ,i>"T 


K  D  D 


unbnp  ba  o^a  ,nrny  nnna  ,Tjnua  onaaoi  on^pion  ninya 

anian    ." 


,,  rny^  ai 


-(nn  mp 


non  C" 


35 


me"  ninxi  nanK  HDK    ,D1      TJKI     .1>  yn>  onxa  onKn  mjr 
3ip3  pB'i  iv  ^  pK3  /jp^icNn^nnnnn  D^oinn  ^  ^yi 
13^13133  TJHIN  Di|3-i3»  ujn  nr3i 


vj  nrno  pn«w  n^y  ^nirx  DHirrn 
3  ^  p  •  p  D  D  K  »  ^  m  ipn  /DTN3  n^n  ?iby3  niD  ^y  ^ 
nar  ,npnoK3  man 


ninny3,D3"n  •'onnn^n  p 

13  npN-rnnNn  lev  nyi  TS  ^of"*  /a^T^n  ^  3-3^3 

n^n  Kim  /n^m  IB>I^D  n«n  nx  ?JK—  DTI^  it^sj  nav 
—  "m  nn«n  B^aiVne®  p  ^jn  ^Tyo  f>3  n»^  131 
•niB'Qjn  n^si  nj»K3  nans  teo  fDsyj  n»^  ni»n 
,nnan  mvix3  D\n^K  K^J  .oyo  onion  T^ys  moai 
JIDK  on  ^n:pi  '•JJIDX  O^IKI     »pri  pDKf>  TJ^SJ  nnuoi  !?3Kf»  TJJI^B' 
y  on^yo  nnp!>j  >3  ,-ib  ^pnosn  oyn  B'EU  p^ini 
n^  nnni>vni  nsr  IJVIK  na-iBb  n^yi  ^ye  man  ne>N  /enjKn  pen 
nss  pa  ntjw  ,ni3^oo  nn3Ji  mrn»3  '•nntr  mm  f>y 
|3  ^si>  tin  ^  13^  pnnxn  iyjn  ny  oyn  nb^ni  on~Kn 


34 

n  fc>aj  patnb  ,^iJKn  pon 

."63  nnnn  mx-ix  atw  oyni 
IND  biu  ,nrnpn  umin  'pnb  D'JOK:  onirr  -nna 
oyn  Tn33  n1  nbe>  "IB-*K  by^3n  nxnn  nryo  }y  ma: 
3  ms^nanNi  pxn  01^0  p^nnb  mob'  uniin  *pn 
wn:io«3  n'm  nwo  N^m  /nin^  m  <lby3b  nnx  nn  'b 
x  Kini  ((j  rb  onsi)  an^y  33in  Nini  .irnbsa  D- 

.(3"3  T'tD  13103)  1^3  bsb  runnn 
N  nbv3  «i33n  bs   by  "IDKJ  "nvin  «b>»  ^E^n   msin 
bs  nx  3n«b  Nin  (n"11  n'-  Nip1"!)  '1103  ^snb  nsnx^  'iixn 
('b  n3B>)  "nuyn  xb  i"i-nb  'JD  ^byi.  nos  bbn  n'n  nt  bn 
^b^a  py  xin  i^bp5  ix  u  mob  ib^xi  pun  btsnos  n1  nbc-b 
nx  n33b  iJ'by  Kin  BMP  3m   UHJION  nxo  ^3   ,n3T 
•C'T  T'y)  fixn  Dibjrsi  ioibe>3  bbannb 

:3  H3     P333  Dublin    bnp     bx    I.T'OT    NUJH  fb&     T^«    HDD3 

-"i  bx  my3  i^bsnni  no^  D3nx  ^n^n  i^K-pyn  oibcj'  n«  itrnni* 

3  DJ    ,('K    T'3    >b^0)  *lboi   *33  "I    ^N  *<1\  /C"1    0*3  1iTOT) 

.('3''  nbnp)  'bbpn  b«  ibo 
ibon 
3y  rrn 

nux)  "nisbo  b^  noib^3  bbsno^ini.  :umn  mobnn  'by3  iroam 
n'apn  yivn,  ,(a'p  o^nar)  "i^by  ms>o  no'K  snn  obiyb//  »('3  a's 
nmna)  "obiyn  moix3  mo*  «b^  bxn^  n« 
.t«3  «nboo)  "nisbob  niaa  pibnb 
n  ;n  nxo  o  ,njvbyn  nnj^nna  DTCXO  wan 
pnvn  K^:n  nipo  xboo  nvnb  JV3T  oyo  DIIO 


nbiyab  x^vib  v  by  nryi  inyo'  D<oa>n  \ov  nbsn 

.(a"B  t*»n)  m«n  Ss  n« 


33 

tarrnsn1?  unto  i^«  aroon 
n  NDD  hy  imty  DV^ 


•62  'pnnsKfi  oyn  ro  xa  ,man  JWIN  JOBO  nny  invna 

'mm  pbisi  N'oon  n^'  omn^n  umw   D'bno  uan   ,iK>&na 

b«  peon  wynr  n«  yunb  ^ony^n  va  nanoa  IPK  PINIJ  T'yn 

DnKa  iB»n  N^JH  ni»  by  <ipny»sn  Dyn 

'ba  '  P«  pO     DN'bMl 

sa  nnan 


jo  n»ai  os\ 

bv  \\y  ^J  ^v  in'Jtyn  ttbt  ,o'j?tns!?  T  i:nai   m«  by  ipnnn  'IDT  no? 
JTB  pij?)  i^nw1?  S»  na  SHJ  HDD  HNII  N2  tV'tn  noso  by\  ,yin 
TnjS  ,(n*a  i*na)  D'jijraji    rnana   pn  pKBino  ^sn    Tny^ 
S'ap   '«nbn  \ivb   ,('"  ri'ayn)  '131   trnan  SSN  nvnn 
ns  /n':ip»    na  ,n3»ats>  'ac    j'Snpn  p't*  mna   j?3i«  ,o"p 
.(vp  jmnjo)  }'ya  IHI  »bv  no  n£sa  noxi  (a*o  noio) 
nn'ay  trStra  ,j?"joi  T'etpoi  T"i%a  ynn  JIB''?  ntrp  noa  nwni  Kia 

.(3*3  BTIW  tp-na)  ni^nj  niana  a'fia  I'nB-'rai    ,nSn:i  Snj  a»na 
n*apn   ION   i"n»V  moM»  nytrai   ,n»n  "jy  ni't?  mo«  nno 

.(Nsn  nai  nnat) 
iai  na'B  ata  n'S  an  na  Mai  Mao  ns  h  pan  pie  nay  'ata'?  j'atn  ia« 

itn  'iai  'J»oi  «-nta  'jy  o'«p   «:nn  iS'K  iax  vae^n  ,0"^" 
«(K*B  maia  iB^trnO  'iai  Kmm'n  p  n'a  n'«p  "?'a«  KoSy  n«S 
v  jai  n»D  nt  inoiK  pa  ianS  ISID  THN  itrya  man  DK  in 


ja 

,Mnan  IB  antrn  *iai  b"»  /iieai  mpa  np 
m  V'K  ,ian  HDIB  D3iE'S  ointp  ^n  »a  ,nn'B  ^ana  n'Biitrn 

,(o"i  n»7nn)  mono  IMDJ  pw 
:«3'3n  'i  rwya  wvy  /nsn  n^x  »aiiH  '3iaao  DJI  uiao  "i»»«  nyai 


,ntya  »S  'T  /M'y  o^nn)  'nyn  nrpaa  nsn  'a  i»ia  »a  :n"y  TDHH  i^on  nan 
nny  iipn  pSi  .(T'p  otf)  nywS  *b  'nm  »3n»ay  »a  ^IK  ,'na  nionS  aie 
,rj*?nna  vnnsn  mina  irna  toato  ,nB'Btfn  >sa  tynesi  »BH  by 

.JBK  0^1  j?  nyi  nnya  IBS? 


32 


x  :nt  pya  o^an  bin  none  ux'ani  ua-isn 
tva  D'bpaB>  bp  ib'BK  »(no  rnana)  x'Dpio  N^DST  p 
next?  DJH  ,(n'a  no)  on'aKap  Taw  Kin  nn  -navn  by  D:ID 
nbyobo  yen  ns?yj  nceta  iiavn  by  one 
n^bo  :T"bn  3  -a  nniaa  'DbenTai  O*B  N" 
~\VK  psn  oya  onios  arm  onann  noa  ,mi:n  be*  nymoa  vbyc' 
;(n'a  niana)  nos  nr  pjai  ,D3nansjnoi  e>np  oy  'pjn  by  yoia  sin 
ioa  /D'can  n-'obn  bi^  pyva  yir  nnx  p«B'  ions  nn«^  nnb  "IN 
:  Dt?a  D'K-ipjn  ijsixa  nvwa  ^naa  mbnp  nxpa  D'Djna  D'-XXDJB' 
bax  ,Ty,n  Dib'^ai  nibnpn  na^a  D^nui  D^WJ  DJ'sti  n^nma 
sba  D'miyn  ,^npn  naxboa  niicxa  D'poiyn  o^an  D^KVD)  DJ  p 
nrn  jjmpn  by  |ai  -nanab  mar  w  ,nn'nibnp  nnbxna  abi  ab 
'•rono  HM  Kin  "a  ,jnaxn  by  ban  xnpb  baw  IJV-IK  «^w  nbrp-po 
.(r'-a  p-nnjo  Nnaoin)  xan  obiyb  pbn  onb  wv  obiyn 
oyn  bai  /D^om  sbo  bw  nbona  incK'jb  marn  w^y  nr 

:n  not?:  niaya  npnvb  mn  nn^by  bcicn  nx  iry  nvpc 
.^po-'nfpb  Dip-'mey  pin1  'T 


n«  ma  IBDK  ,oip«  iuy  hy  innM  in  yn*  jyoSi  (* 
itsrn  nyen  /'a1?  nn»po  ixs«  man  Sa  iw«  ,,-itn  rmn  nan  Sy  wao  IWK 
n^  'a  ,n"nnn  maa  Syi  >oj?  na  ia»  Sy  n»DM3n  ^sh  'aa?  HBB^  «S  nn'n 
,Kirj  ctrn  nn  'rit:^  nsnn  ^a  o  ,MJ:DT  «i'j?  i^t  bna  icai  /^KI»»O  iiaa 
ica  ,ncDnn  nyvz  onn  n>iann  'marm  ,n»n  nprna  Sow  «a  WKI  aant  J'H 
iTeonb  oSa  iK3i  D^ii'D  nSo  no»  pia  "ansn  ibo  TDM, 
irm  ,mn  j?na  o  caso  by  maa^i  'T  »:B^  n'w  ^i?1?  i»an 
:y*nnK  «i^na  nmayn  ]D  'mnai  ,('a  nitJB')  nmayn  J 
nnnr.  ja'KB'  nnaK  ^aa  ^TH  Tin  maK  ,naiONn  nia«  -nmnn  maK 
SK  nua  aS  aurn  jyo^  .wTp  'snai  S"rn  HDKD  ntsa  «ni«ai  ,i*7iis?a 
is-»i  wna  man  ,bybz  »aa  ,y»n  «raK  -Sy  iop  nr  niapai  .n'ODaw 
onaa  ns-mb  *ov  iana  DJI  niboii  nnp»  'j'D  ^aa  «n^  mn  ,n"n 
mo  lan^i  D»a"|3  by  na  ^B^  nnin  imno  IB»K  /onbir,  D'nyn  »anaa 


SI 


mil  'n  a  PBJ  ITa  i^«  rwvom 
n  JV33   ?pab  nn  n^ano    UKP  unb'anb  tu  atrpn    ,cr« 

abai  ,UN^J  notrj  iya  nrn 
*b:JTp»pD   ,D^ya  am  name  Sir?  ,0110.1  t^Kn  m  12 

.nrn  pia  ,IIIN  it  n 
tmi  ns  ^x    /nnapb  ibav  avn  nu'ai  ^rp^pD  ma    OKI 
\TI    i^aja  mo  nrin  D^mn   pis  nn«  ^npn  mm  wa:i  minis  n 

nS  D'-nn  inva 


mi  n«  imi  ^zwr\w  .ninnn  *n«  , 
ny  VDK"  sb  nsbni  DTHD  >a  /taiea  wvn«  ^ajpr  ^yi  b>an 


S  ny 

HOD  'ja!)K3  n^nyn  ,smpn  ««'!?:  trs:  Iminoi  na?  B>B3  nxi 
i  K  i  x  y  n  D  c'inn  IJK^J  iyai;n^»D  nsns  I^N  ^»y  lyn  D^DI  c 
n«  bn^  ioy  vnb«  "i  n\i>  »a   ^NDS  ^y  ae"  IK-«  o  b  y  1  1  r  1  1 
••Jjynn  p  "i»y  i^iNai  ,IIB"D  tsat^a  npnyox  oy  nrn  bnan  oyn 

•DUD  '•aiK'  pa  njny  ^aj  nt^  Di 
D'K'paon  apyi    pnv  nmas  Si3   t^ip    jnr 
^y   xbn  /brp^po  DS^^II  (*  ^(npn  noe'j  iya  , 
na  DU^V  urn**  IB>K  ,pxn  DI^  iya  b^annb  wby  niii»a  'n 


e>inn  us^:  ni      tya  KJ 

IM-«  IT-  by  onnyn  bai  sini  ,->»y  'i  M^I  ,awa  vt)»  "r 
jo  D<IT  iba'  iro-'ai  VD»a—  nnno 
iyi  nnyo  nMj  D^ptn  n^bt^i 

.p«  ,nifjb  nion  yba^    .nbo  JDK  nbiy 


no  IN  jinaty  mb   *tsmp*  ixnn  nw  nn1?  way  ua  nuniity  na  (* 

v»yo  bs  ia^ij?  n'a1?  m*  ^»  ini'tae  nytra  niona  hy  wao  oixne 


30 


BJTriBn  nia 


roenn 


ovn  , 
nmJD1? 


fiDi0)  'n 

o  DK^TI 


n'33  ovn  inyi:  npn  nyn        (*•  Dipon  njn 


*  »  3  •»  p*  po  DN-'m   njn  mxn  UN^J  nce>j  ny3 
3^  rujcb  /D'D^iy  nmaob  ovn  ^3im  IBV  «^ 


jnvn  nnxi  ,^cy  ^3  33b  nisnyo 
nyn  01^3  B'mb  w>by  nns^ 

mm  ^niin  niy  bsi  .vbuno 


D'-inxn 


rat 


M  I3ip3 
»nw 

by  ^3x3  KJ  nips  /nin-nn  > 
3b 
rrn 


—  13J 


po»n 


n^yni 


(* 

(** 


own 


29 

rpnai   ,i 


njnn  nixa  Tsnb  »ntn  ns33  n^san  nif>sn  SM  yiori)  /nwasn 
'jai  wman  'tws6  nana  VDB'  s:  ny^a^n    .onwan  *aa 

.^iai  *w  bab  npnvi  non 
^»a  n«i  nsrn  maaan  nsoxn  ^aa  ns  ni&ovn  JHK 


rn  nn'3'ia3^3nNi  wman  nan  f>3  ns 

,n«Tn  Tyn  ^v  wnna  ^3  ba  ns  sa  Tia 
o^nnn  D^ais^n  onDu6n  '•aa  ^D'mtNn  ia'ns  nx  «a  ^13 
(nsnan  niviK  nb^oo  nK  sa  ina 
ixiN  b33iaiDy'a3  ba  nx  Na  pa 
,mym  Dibf  urnys  pt^ni  .nrn  n^aa  'nna^aK'  xa  me^ni 
.(*  nivoai  mina  D'poiy  .o^ibn  K'np  no  D^iy  U'IWKY  nx 


•JON 


28 


none'  'JBD  "na*  nrn  Diyn  Kiaj  no  *»o  :UK«DP 
$>  i>aK  (0*3  nimo)  «v  riKvS  mmn 


nrn  niycn  DK  fpni>  Kin  cmp  am  /Dnaaan  'jni  MK  /p  $>y 
nfsnn  moa   fijno  mya  noaon  nya   nivySi   /jpnn!>  fjaw  my 
,ub  KM  nnx  n^vn  pn  unjn  ^    »HDT  n^a  n^i>n  nx 
utrm^  ,ennn  inn  ^a  nanx 
»—  KM  DKTI 

oni  }»rn  nn 

j  mvtei  wenp  nae'  mo^  -nynni  minn 
nai  nK  DH^J  p^  nniKjn  ms^n  HID!?  • 
nya  nwy^  «b  HKT    .nrn  ovn  iy  <u^  wnvn  DVD 


n«np  ^na  no     ,w       mo  >na  ain  niy  TJ 
nao  -^a^ni  nn  nao  .-JIDK  nao   ,D'ai  onao  nupf>  /i 
.psn  na-^a  DJI  nempn  una^a  nnai 


KI  iary  MIK 

nyn  ^ya  D'B^O  ,D"D3n  D^JK!?  mpfc  nKt  DJ  SIKI 
/noanni  mmn  !?y—  una  jnn  nienn  nai>o—  nyi>  ny» 
njiam  nynS  D^KDvn  n^K  DJ  irisK  ixa11  TK  IK    «Tiyi  myi 
mempn  t^nac  *UKJI  IHKJ  iK>Ka  tK  pn  TKI    .^s&n  nmoi 
nana  pnnon  ^an  HK  rw  IKI  ntsa^  ijam  ••j^  TK  ,10101  n?an  /mm 


,'T  yn  yir  n«  n'aa  ana  IPK  n'aoon  nty^tyn  MK  Syca  DunnS  oj»  (* 

anon  »taui  D'3ts"a  ,n>jom  n  HDIKS  »«  J»:D'D  nr^»  ^"tn  noxty  103 
.D»nn  |>y  TIT  n«  io»3  »a  jaiKi  oai  ia  »aa  wana  fjica  wanai  ,(vuy 
,n»nn  yy  n»  nt  inwi  p«  TIT  n  n~n  ^x  i"38'1'  (B"B  ^P' 

.(nan  wa^n)  min^  noip 


27 

.onempo  HIM  nwan  IN  nwiBK'n  'na  nvnb 
moo  pom  enpn  nn  inon  DN  u  ,n«t  p«— ?  nxrn  .Yvvn  nan 
nub  'mn  nu  U  .Diaiya  vn  ,nbxa  Q'na  cvpb  n^njn  nbyj 
oa  ub  nbyji  nmaji  IKD  unoo  mn  ,D'nbtfb  ITS?  n  tjs^b  nbcn 
•IDS  ,.nbsn  -no  n^ob  n&om  nnv  n^b^o  n"apn  noynj)  nbuon 
onb  bmo  ^xi  nrn  -noa  ^sb  i^y  pxain  btJiK'11^  J»T  ba  n^b 

.(T"11  nn) 
p«n  rD'ann  ^rniiiya  »npno«a  nnan  nivisa  HQ  obix 

am  nnn^  wninin  ,is»  na  maa  D"snn  nnnb» 
tayio  JDT  65>npnb   'KJa  nnb  pxi  ,ona»boi  mnooa 
vn»  exb  taxb  /tayo   Ljy»  run  ,(*  D^jyaa'  onux  ^sb  Dniab 
nabo  /nn-'mnbn  by  pan  pxi  t?nn  p^  ^'P"111  cratyj  nb«n  n^nan 
.ijTy  ^:a  jvrja  N  n  pi  ,onn«  D^PT  IN  /ovn^p  nr'N 
D^N  ('nation  ^byai  onmon  /onaaan  UTy  'ja  non  D*K 
»ba  ibnr  non  /nn  nun  bs  ixa1  sb  non-?irnwai   iJ^a  non 

ntsrnpn  wnoisb  nanx  '•bai  IDIDI  nno  ""ba  ,nyTi 
HXD  ai  pmo  UOD  pmnoi  Tjbin  npnosa  na  t5>nnn 
nb'-bn  ny  nu»  xb  wnowb  nxi  onr  onb  vn^  an'maNi  uyio 


.(a's  paa)  max  nnp  ^a  M»NT  nxa:  xnb'o  (* 
ty  ,nsKbon   nawa  'MIBCI    /nax^on  ''jya'?  nana  'nDtr  ne  (* 

ntra  nnnTon  b"m  notto  naa    »niK2i    ,n"3pn  ^3th  nann  M»n 
n»Vra  DN  m23D»  na^o  nSna  ,(*»"«>  W^K)  p«  nm  cy  niin  naio 


nn«  nnrty  mpoa  moiy  nssSs  MIST  ,(K"»£5 
KI  iS    DIT  NSIIP   muyb  IDSJ?  IIDO    ,(*"s   Kin 
,(ni=in3')  ny  733  npns  nvny  Kin  luanntfK  oaiBDi  |Tn  ,o"^n  B»B 
ns  ^>nj  nos  n«ni  K3  ,('"6^3*12  lo^trii*)  KfTiKa  K:KI  - 

mtrS  ^o  ,(J'D  mosO  nvjoiK'bys  Ss  p»ny  /(n"j?  p"3) 
^ny  KB"  13  13:6  sitD  .(n^np   n3i)  iaya  m»^  n^n'  IBID  njn 
nos  :n<Ko  'n  IDK  ,(n3»N  WTID)  HSK^O  hiy  ,nt?K  f?i?  /n*nn 
n»an  c^tro  HSK^D  i1?  w   iiw  ,n^j?n  n»m    noKB1  »a  'as 
ipnn1?   nSi3«  nns  ^3  ]«K  m^sn  nzubo   n'3  B"!?   'D  Ss    ,( 


26 


oo  ns  NJ  !pa     .DrpY.TQ  nun**     i  unna  ^a  o  r^<  NJ  ipa 

.(**  unfjspoo  ^nao  nxi  man 
,(/***rny»-n  D^B>  Tjrnya  p??™  ,nrn  jraa  TjnJ'aB'  NJ 
in  ?pa^  ,nrn  n'nn  n3x!?»  nx  wmi>33  IOK'  ns  t 

"r  ojna 


224-8  ,«^rp  .11  mrra   s 

(September  i)  »"D-in  ^1^«  31B  DVD  ,tt 

n  n»an  nawn  Jn  nx  Jin!)  avn  D-'SDKJ  wan  J'jni  snx 
n  tripon  miyn  ^y  DHHK  onan  ej'on^  ij!>  atn^  awnji  ,nrn 

.B>ipa  imio>i  ,nrn 

run  n^an  nenip  *a  /jnv  onaajn  D^DKJHD  nnx  ^a 
,n^an  n^aj  on»  i^x  D^axni!  pya  «f»  /D^aSa  K^I   nonna  K^ 
n«wa  vn  ISTN  n^an  ^na— nSxa  D^na  noa>a  i 


,13*3  imnao)  ^nj  jnaa  mn  nn;  nninn  n«    nenyi  naa  )^»B«  (** 

.(nn 

J?O  oi'?»  mx  lonpn  MV  >«ST  p  pni'  "i  Sy  i»^y  no«  (*** 

•  (T*»niana) 
ainx  N^N  pun  ny  n«  «:»«!  n'aann  n«  mnNN  m«  IDK» 


25 

n  ^3  ,nn  Disown  f>3  nipn  nsi  wpn  nx 

-\&  niaa^  rrni  ^21^1   m3<  nrn 
•nj3Ji  noli  jotpb  IB>K  niumpn  nnoon 


'K  &«  yos? 

,nin  nio^nn  n^'Ka^  njnni  minn  nixn  TNH  ,nrnn^33 


a   nsi  nxrn  m33jn  naonn  ^3  ns  mx3vn 
nan  ^a  ns  NJ  ^jna    .1^35^31  nin  nipn  nnn  paaa 

na  D'«an  b  nsi  nxm  mann 


nra  KON  intrnpi  nwsn  nn  n^yo  121  "?y  ( 
CM   , 


pxn  iSbjii  /iinsn  n  nmjrn  ^a  natr  IBDK:I  ,3"nn  n  / 

.  (N"J'  ntr)  nmnn 
in»ao  D>a*)  nna  pains'  lipr  hwi  «*;«  naiSoS  nat 


D»oann  pa  at?'1?  nait  n*T  ytaian  a'n»a^  waw  «o 

.  (t"ea  nan  nnan)  «a^ 

(n-"B  anfiiD  naoo)  iatz>  ^apb  jni  ,in«««aob  natr  jrv5?  na  j'Ka  no5?  ^ta 

n^apn    ,'as1?   nn  nan 

.(nn  nan  piDD  hy  ,nnp»DB) 
trnnon  n»a  IT  n'jnun  ma«i 

.('n  maia)  naSna  o^nvon  nn;'»/]H»  ny»  'T  anix 
niana  ,niima  «nai  nvoja  >na  i^x 


.(•^  %TIT)  n»ana  nim  PB^KT  memo  «na  «n  , 

loa  non   ,I«B  Vj?  mm   nai  rinnDtp  »o 


nanna  pmnan 
.(vbti  3'"nn)  nan  thtyh  p^n 


24 


nempn 

nnpnn  i>y  jjynn^  ,njpn  mn«  -iy  wpn    rrpmo  na  -pry 

niem  njan  jvv  Dmn  'a  D'enpn  *pN'aj   v/y  nnyvon   niaien 

!DM^«n  'n  TJB!J  .T«nn  nyn 

/fson   ni^no    iB'n?^  ionn   naa   ns  orvbyo   ivo'-on 
nan«  nn^a  yiDj^i  -jmny^  aipnn^  CB  niana) 

mi»«  iaiy  ^a  NU^  ona    .on^  D^scfDi  o-pim  ,Dn*n« 


D'an  D'OIKI  Dnry:m  nnnyn  pa  mn'i  o»pnncn 


non  Tio^n  <na  ^a  fn^«n  D'ennpn  D^nai)  na:£yj  mtao 
mm  nan^n  ^aS  in  i>aa  ub  rmy  nojan  »na 
'n  mm  not?  Dniiini)  ^KIB^  n^^  'ISD  snai>//  DJ  rn 

mo  !)ai  D^H^K  ny-n  ,mm  mmn  ^jna 
,oey  onmn  nniN  toana  ,^xif  n^  lajnn1  nojan 
noan  Brno  ma  non  nojan  ma     .mmn  noi^  ^>NIK"  'oan 
w^o'i  urn*  ana    .'n  Dyij  'n  tj-n  ^110  D^ai  ixr  nnoi 
ana  ,ns?y  IK-K  nt^yon  i>yi   uoy  i^  na  ijnnn  i>y  npnv^  D 
nNtini  mm  xvn   nnoi  tripn  nicK'o  neiB'  D"oan  n^n 
n^Kn  oman     .moSn  ma  i«  emon  ma  is-ipj  p!>i     ^K-IB 
miayn  ,mmn  :  noiy  Q^iyn  on^y  i^x  D^ioyn  n^B'  n«  D^ 

.(**  DHDH  rr 

^  njs  ,HJB  px  rvnn  nny  ts-n'jo  umx  i^x  nxrn  pxn 
mn  n^aa    .wn»ya  miayni  mmn  ,nnrrn 
non  n^yji  ,mmi3^an« 


nitj?  »pai  union  noS  1*2  »a  OIH^  IDK»  ox  puo  K^  tsj?oai  (* 
,npis  re-ij,1!  TDSiO  TTU  nnM  nnw  Sa  »a  ,n 
.( 't  i»oJ)  'i3i  ttwn  Sa 
TKD  hy  'ts»3'«  noxia  (** 


23 


a»  naw  'n  n" 

nrm 


Tvan  rusn  p« 


.-OB  p«  mn)  ,IOB>  nx  B>ip   WBDKJ  DIM  nin  , 
a^n  umKty  nrn  pjaai  nrn  Dipon   .ina^  pyo 
nr  u  /D^DJ  JIIBMI  T'js^y^n^  IV^IDDX^  u  ,n 
by  /^aa  i»sn^  ^oy^i  taiaa  ono  nnx  i>3^  ,ny  !?32  nnoy 
D'3in  D'oyn  pa  or  pi  rcia  HDJIDI  DI^I    naia  ,D"n  io^>  "jnn 
p«n  ^Ji  nnn  om«  m^nntj'  pon  ^y  "$  nv  n    .nn^y 
nm  n'an    ."npnoxa  nnan  roms,  ^>n  /nniom  nxrn 
iK>p2>  ui  ^nTnin  -]T3  D.T^y  yss^n  I^K  niton  ^3  ^>y 
mpn  x^D11  DV  n^pi  ij^ia  ,nan3  ^DI    .snn  t6t>  mv  i?3  ^>y 
-nyvi  v^y  f>p^  nisao  ,nrn  nun  ejo  ^y  «ma  Dm 
i'n   ax  Tjrn  pnvni»  sn1  13     .o^ain  ij^om  ^y 
n«  Kip11  131    .Tj^ya  D^on  ^3  n^'  py  niyoni  rvv  pBir3i  ,pin  mo  13 
JV3  p  5»y  n^Ki   .iry-ir  *BD  nstrn  i»ab  vi>y  n^ 

'JD02>  nyoi     -irosm  irx^j  <aa  mn 
p«  fUnonx  byo  upmn^i  IWIKB  u^ii  ,urnp» 
'xn^n  oyn  3^3^  D^pniyn  noni  ,Dyo-^p»  TI3  ,nb«n  n^ann 

my  13DK1  n^n  0^33  u  ,nio  onsxn  ^N  nMn  TJ 
DH3  /Dn^nuiBV  ^y  «yr  on3  ,(*  nbw3 

non^o  nnf>b  njxm  nnsn*  HD^I  ramn^np  unv  ^y  onyn 
Dnonai  onu  hy  on^yo  is^t^—  Dn3    .n^oyn  pa  n»vpi 


«  o 


pnj;   KIB"  •,««  i'ss  tmaxo 


ni  ^yi  ( 


'aw 


22 


r>K 


nn  nnj  n&>yj  nrn  nmcn        npnpn 
a  jnv  si>  nr  »D  »a  ,y*j  e 


i:n  , 


pan 


oy 


nrn 


^321  ny  ^33  D"pi  tsnes  oniyan  'nbi  ,bi>33 
,^33 


u-msin  nx  nra 


ns  DK 


nnoa  onniyj3  D'-nuo  irniJ3i  irn  nx  niNt?  nara 
U3  D^ipn  ,i»y  amx  ba  33}  nno^i  1333^ 
mn  ^y3  inw  pn  DK  0*3  onai)  "n^nn^i  D 
YV  nnn  p^nnb  on^n  rimyn  ••a  ,Dnxn  Kin  na  K  yn^  (*  nyim 
mo  ^53  onbirb  3-tD'n5  n3n«n  ^  ,nyin  ^yi  ,mmn  ^a>  n^nn 
<m  nbso  bs1  DK  n^m  /n'tny^  niNam  mx^  «sn  nnNsne'  naio 


(* 
.(a"B  nai  H"ann}  m'apno  •noty  TWP  naSa^  /JD1?  n^Q  natr 

naoo)  p«  tpn  ia  PK  VB  ^y  nnaiy  nmnn 
pK  1-n  norna  noan  ^  p«  IOIK  tna  »an  ,(t"B  D'HOB)  p«  TIT  D» 

.n"3B  a*m  man) 

nns  'jy  naytr  n*apno  ino^  /mKnB  ii'an  n'a1?  m«  Dua«  SK  nSiyS 
riK  -fins'1?  /Dunn  py"?  nonp  pK  i*n  ,(aSy:n  wno)  nrw  :m«nS  «n?i  pn 
V'tn  wn»ntn  mai  woyti  .(K  «*ann)  D«nn  py  nt  inwi  p«  im  n  ,TIT 
UEO  ,ann  na  UBO  n^i  msoi  mina  ppoiy  vnw  wr  tnpo  :npm  mn  ?y 
I'rnaw  nay  n^w  yn«a  DUB  n»a  iS  pxt?  »D  ,('o  H»I»)  nsn  n«:»  la  n«n» 
tmpi  atpr  Kin  N'JK  nj»a  Kb  «ipo  K^  n»a  p«  I^BM  -('a  nma)  »3'o  in  hy 
K^I  ,(2"B  K^ann)  n»a  mm  i3B>  >an  I^BX  ,j?3on  ]wb  ninxi  piDB  nvn  Sa 
imrwo)  jima  mso  px^o  iatp  papn  iS'BM  :  ^'rn  IIDK^  no  oytvv  jionna 
rincn  »«S  rmana  IIOMT  <]i«>'n»  H^  «DI  .pn  ^T  Sya  Sy  pn  >KP  nti  ,(T»S 
ipoy  b^  /mina  poiyi  nar  DK  :mion  trmaa  n»aoi  /nwyan  «Sx  ipij? 
.oiS»n  ok^o  B^WIM  jn  iDNJtr  ,01^.1  ow^oa  n»y»  naSnai  mini 


21 

,lou  ninnaa  'a  Dnbnxa  nxn  ,(*v6i?  n«  iiDK'b  'nyn1  K^  o1: 


nanca  banm  /icy  nionaa  D\jiB>ton  nnnn  onsry  vn  ;3i 
'3  /C"i  rppKia)  yn  pi  135  nusjrio  iv^  jD'aimn  nnyo  , 
ny  d"t  DP)  D^Ktsm  D'yi  DHD  »«MKI  ,('»  Dty)  Don  p«n  HN 
irn  rat^ai  nnvcm  nnxn  ,ijnoiK  e'Ni  irax  Dmax  yain  I 
D11?  :b'n  D-iDNa  fHt^npn  umin  n^yo  nK  rrn  n^npn 

.(n"a  NOV)  minn  ba  nx  iras 
myau    niryo    ^nt^a   vnvba  '•ntr  JIN  n*apn 


•  Cl    T'3)  'ni'an    ya  v»y  r*np  ny. 
^n"^^  ovn  ni  ^K  ,n'a  snan  IDK  TN 
.(n**  rvetoa)  'innx  voa  ns  mv  IPK  JVDP 
byo    bs  »3  /w^    nny  iyi  ryni  snx 
Kin  .»a  yT  'i  *a  jy  ba«  'n  ns  yi'  Kint^  nsra  pi  n\n  x 

.(**"i  ^im  nx  iDt^b  vnnK  v:a  nx  nw 
i.  tn^ni^i  nnt*  N^  mp  ,1331  n^o  D'x^ajn  ba  jn«  DJI 
rmni  ,('i  nnai)  T>jab  onjjn  ,(«'"  onan)  "oa^a  n« 

«(DBO   I^N  niDNI    'Jl  ^33  "&W1  '3  ,(3'M 

iobn  nn  IN  D'Nan  D'»^a  noisn  orp  -a  HTD  nsn: 
n:s  ,jman  p«n  sin  minn  iiob  /in:n  iD-iyi  -"ibn  »u^a  nx 
»nyi  obiyb  DKbn  pja  OID>  K^I  pn  icy^  vby  "IWN  ,pvion  noi»n 
.*ny  mo'  o^pjn  n^biy  ^oa*  :D\nb«n  B»N  ua5D  Nip^  nn 
m  ,'»y  ^a  rman:ni  nnp^n  wnx  ,onp^n  ^yni  •'ns  nnyi 


-Sinno  niyjs  jno1?  vn   nmn  nan:   »*?  N'JQSK    moKty  nan  (* 
nta  mio  «?IM  ^^<  ,('J  panj?)  Suairo  «'n  /HJTID  niny 
^"an    nnana  p»Da  nain  minn  n'rap  in«  nny  DJ  itr«  B"naa  7*  -"a— 

.om»  own 
,JH  ita  onna  na  hy  CJK  :(n'p  jmnao)  ia»soi  (** 

in  «sa  nai  'iai   D'n^try  o  «nona  o   :ty-noa:  «aim 
nnnn  SOBM  ,na  nnSin  n"7«i  maya 


20 

,s"b  rEvrp)   (t2"3  D'bnn)  |jv  icy*?  tty  "i   :  PiDBn  by  Vm 
rx  D^IJ  px  OK  '3  ('n  nw  ''eni   /K^B  -rp^i  /3«bn  '"o  pviruo 
nobb   D'jiK>*on  mny  n«  T^S'  xb  -isiyi  iSvn  ^n  ex  ,OTTI 
.rvby  xnn  no  minn  ,x3  in^>  nmpoi  rmnn  nx  nmn^ 

^^D   p«  ,^K1lt"   miTD  ne>   1E'N    /nS«    1J1D'3  D3  HOI 

t6  nr  nxi  ,n^y  nsr  nx  ^Ki^n  K-N!)  nwe»  .nivot  TJU  p« 
oai  mr  pp3  nnjio  minm  invno  lyvrjS  cr-xi 
nini  ,anvno3   D^taw  o^nn  •IK'N  n^x    iro-n   , 
UP  V*  D'taoon   D^non   D»3-isn  ;3n  ,3n    trnj 


n-3 

minn  <o< 
*T  oy  ,ioy  nnv3  n^on  rrNi  ,1^3 

—  ? 
mon  xb  ISJ'BJI  pv  p3  fie'ton  DIKH  iiy  piVnn 


'33    TV^  ^       'K 

3nx   PT    ox  , 
nvtswi  nmoinb  PT  DN  ^b  '«   ,nionx  *by  ^ni^y  ^33 
by  "IB>K  nonsn  bsoi  n^nn  pso  njiK>  n^nn  nosi 


'3  O'KVKVD  ns-u  nxr  , 

,(*vn«  nx  nnxn  133  HXT  133  ,nbnn  3^3x3 
noitrn  /nyn^  xb   :  noxb  ,53n  ynvn  mvb  nuyb 


:ioMoa  nrn  p»;nn  jits  'nyn^i    .(<I*B  n'2K)  TP'Ton  fix  anoiK  wn  (* 
mxa  ima  n'^pn  o  ,IOKI  V2K  n'apn  ('S 
aitan  -pna  na1?^  DnnfSn  »«sn  nx  iaan'  K 
pn  K1?  TK  .yaan  Tina  na^S  on'aa  n»t  inu<  pn  ,mnaSi  'nS  mo  nvnS 
.ppnon  DJ— inti  .oSipn  »P»TDO  DJ  K^H  oSiyn  «?aDO  nan 


19 


rum 

sa  mo*  *T  n^«  njn  ,K"n$ 
.'6mo  me 


.n*a*in  nap  IKH  tenn  '«  cva  n";ya 

vby  y'Bina  ,?KIB'^  nwtsr  D'y:  wabo  in  ,Tonn  * 

Tin  by  ,rv  ^513  ntrnpn  IK'BJ  nenirru  /wip  n-n 
n  nai  nr*  by  IK  I^K  /D'icB'n  nn 
nn^n  N^n  I^KI   ,N"Dby  |m    insa  nvaK'io 
niyaon  mp)  ,b«nB"  no«  mjno  ns  inN 
nxn  bs  T'a*  HT  byi  ,-n&»i  bna  oyb  /nnny  n*w»e6  vni  nn«  bx 

.-'T  Tin.,  jnt  ns 
D^PJVI  n-'bbiy  'BOW  :  n-nnjn  mx^oa  «np  /t»  WBJ  niacnu'na 

.('n  o^nn)  "ny  mo* 

t«  «vyi  iin  n«  nvco  DK  ,nsin  in^bo  poy  bx  ~nm  DN 
by  ^N  Tw»n  vp^n  «b  obxn  moyon  D'boa  TK  /b"by3  nxij 
vn—  13  nnn  0^0*3  DNI—  ,D'«nn  nnnn  py  DJ  DX  '3  /nsb  nn 
D'o»3  .no3i  n»3  HHs  by  nbs  ir»^a—  msbn  ny  o^pavm  o^bbiyn 
bsi  riniabt)  xos  by  3B>v  nnxi  isbo  ,pyi  nns  n»ixn  men  onn 
minn  nn  'sb  >('T  niaia)  va  by  tranm  nxisi  onxv  Dyn  ^••jy 
r»Ni  prn  invn  TID^H  >a  osnn  i33bo  n«n  TN  ,^n  b«  pnai  ,nweni 
non  ,oyn  nnbxn  p^sn  n^byt^  n^n^n  psn  ,DiNbn  p:a  n33s  vbysr 
,D'nbxn  uniK  pn  n^«  o-nb^n  (*  n  '  11  y  3  n  *  3  3 
/min  xbx  ny  pw  "ny  mo*  Dspivi  D^bbiy  ^BD.  :  «np 


nan  Sy  (n"i  nn)  V'tn1?  iyso»  102  .maia  r.noa  osan^  onoSS  (* 

.n'oai  mina  »poj?n 


18 

no3  wen  t6n  n  nn»3  n'lyai     .-iia«fn  nnn   spaa  WK  *a  ;>""> 
miD  ^y  nr  $>3  Dyi  naioi  -imci  >mw  *raK  Kin  a-in  »a  D^cys 
3"yan  ^K>  on^ea  no   yio^  JTIK  jm:  Kim  nnvn  nnri 
,inyn2  ^pn  M^K  ain  DN  D^oyB^   ,Drrn  ^y  n^iyn  ^31  o^'pnni 
nx  a'ya  pnrp  Kim  niipn  D'jpnon  nn  ,DPI 
.Dr6  b'n  o 


j-n  i'n  sin  mn  /ntra  pnna  ana: 
njpn  DI^  j«3  pup  nono  ,noann  nx  nb^  ^nv  a'3   in^^n 


nx  D^pn  noai    .V|JK  o-iijjn  b^i  to^  DI^  IOIKI  D«DK  mai 

D-'DDTISDH    D^IWH    D^aiHD  inN^  1T  ni>N^    rtWyO1 

Tjn  'an  ann  HK  oa 


KI  a 


17 


a    njpnn  nirn 

i"IT  ^3    '3  1O1K  YPTl    KJ'BnDO  ^1     »HT3   ni?y3    «b  p'"T  p'33  ^ 

Sv  naioon  ix  rraron  ••a  ,to'Dn  n«  nap'  iyK»Bi3ne»  K^K  nrya 
nny  <3  ,yia  yia»  xbn  nt3i  /no'npn  nns*  31  jot 
'na  3')  ii3oS  \o«y\  iB>3  irs 

"inn  "TV  JD^DH  KS3  ^ 
nx  iB'ipn  n^K>on  ^xm  3"nj<  n^pj  jo'Dn 
'KI  ,t3"UJ  spy  by  3"3  Ttrp*  '3  nvn  ^DV  /cs'wab  me'a  r3  pnaoi 

"D  13  I'Nty    13131       "3D1D3    D"l3    1130!?  "WOnr!}    H3H  1H31  HTD 

a!?i     .3*03  y"DD3  }"y)  bn:n  n'3^  I^QX  pyoiiy  p«  ""snm  mm!? 
|«  ,^oin  i>33  sin  nr  mm!?  3"D  Kt>3  noKt?  131  ^3  T3Nin  nyi 


ni3io 
no  D33noi  'an  sin1? 
ynp  -ID 
sin  nyn 


n  mtjn  t>y  5KiB»n  ^KK"  nnyi 

.1^3  sin^  bsn  iyT  nro  '•s  /p*o 
IT  PKI  5"i  ^y  Kin.B'  lytrou  ny 
11!  12-3  E^K  Kin  noK3i 


nvi  K      nona 


nono  ,D? 

•Kin 


noann 


n»i    -i^y 

»  Kin  nn  v/By  K^n 
poe  na^o  1313 
pisno  nn  pn  p^aa  K3n 
nn 


31  -3 
,ip"Tnb 


1D3    , 


napn  nityy    avB>  ai      sa  <TT  ynn  3"a 

niK   1^3p    DK  pi  mT    , 

liai  nns^i  /o^vaKaj?  1<|3K3  Kin  in^vn  ^ 

pi     .vyn  ^310    'r  >>y  ^^m  pi  inr  nioK3   /ie>y  n{ryB>  no 

I^DKI  ,mapn  noa  upnp  B^aiwaa  icipoa  113^  !?3T  i 

n  1  3  '  v  n    i>  y  KI.IB>  313  Kpin  Kin  nr  /am  !>y  Tj^in  nTE'  iDKi  DK 


16 

»njpnn  nis?yb  vyn  wx  52  nx  pP0  w  /min?  r-o  nie>yb  nxn 
TN  narrby  inoin  D'anpn'yn  ••nits  IN  nitry1?  ha1  U-N  iovy3  Kin  -a 

.D'bpw3B>  bvun  nos   na  onS  r» 
D^ruo  IN  D»&mn  onana  nupn 

DIK>  miryb  bia11  irx  1^  nbnpn  by  .pin  '•aSi  unm  »B^  a'xi 
iniN  iTan  «b  IK'N  ,Tyn  ba  by  s^'ao-i  ,onyn*  -n^  rupn  IN 

"ION3  J3N  ib'SNI       .bnj  IN  JOP  "13T  Dl^  HIK'yS  ^13''  U'N 

on  N^n  ,nijpn  niB'yb  nan  or6  wnai  D^JN  Dsino  ma 

>jn    D3  IpDSl  DMD3D1B    VHB>  'DJH     ?CD     "ncr  l'3D  ^"ly  N^ 

J»D  niB'yS   lira  1*3^   DN3  ,D'3oin    pos  Nbn  r'ay 

31^3  mas  nan  "s^i    .n^tas  onW  nnnn  , 
K^OO  mun  3*yi  ,n3  ivn  «b  nan  13  .IT  nnra  n 
bia^  ^Nn  Nn^ni     .innra  Sap^  DDiaS  ha"  irNi  ,D"aonn 
DNI    .*J«D  IN  yao^ba.  bapb  onyjroan  pmawr  innw  ba 

?iro  nbnj  n-'sa  n,b  PN  nn  ,nantD  onS^  i^ani  ,o 
ntsai  SKiva  an  ",n  IB>N  nnN  an  ^3  nsna  K^n  HNT  n^it 
nbnp  ib  tr'i  3-0  mix  pp'tnoi  praoi  D33n»3  nn  Kin 

yr  N?  nc>N3  /n:pnn  ^31  "iba  nNn»3  NX^  ^"jn  3nn 
,noNi  «3nn  nwe'  PSJ  :  '»  f)n  r'y  'tD33  Nn-'Nn  IDS  non  nr  nni 
iB'iJ'n  xbi  nn«  n^y3  '\n  oni  ,-nB>i  ^'N^n  n3  NJIH  ann  ms'sri 
^3x  ,pr  IHN!?  «pin  TINT  .'131  insn  PN  noN^  Dane'  ^ 


NVDJ  N^  Npun  niub  bis-1  an  n^N    nnun  a"Ni 
.nboan:  nnrjn  ?N  ,n«a  n'-o  noy  ••jtrni  nnN  an  nut?  nya  ^3N 
Ninn  Drni?  jy*  ,^"3  nsnb  imn  noK*  none  onMt?  nsn  rT'ni 
nn  baN  /D'Qica  rn  run  orni  ,n*3  H'o^n  ?y  B>"3  n^oWi  iann: 
.n^anj  mrani  .nnr:  DIK'  JNS  pN  nn  '3jb 
pirm  J^D  DW  n3  PN  'a  HNnj  NSU  njpnns  pnnj  DN  niyi 
sia^n  DN  na'i  313  nn^n  nNT  ,ninKan  nnsb  njpnn  "3    .nnin 


15 

nabb  oyn  n«  fpab  pnen  p*o  nb'aa  IT  nn  /bnpn  aia 
inxbi  ,nm  o^r  ja  i3in  noyi  ,b&oB"  bs3  notPBp  wni  ,nw  .na 
mun  nnix  PKP  n&oi  bine"  bsa  piai  ins  i*a  lay  nano  IDT 
T'ao  nina  Kin  ib'BKi  /bsab  a  '3  men  onb  e»  ^MIB^  baa 
n'a  naa  ^r  P|«  ,o"33  p^jn  .p^Dai  noana 


>y  mw  p-»TM  p 

pSia--  "Ban  ^y  ^»BK  (o*ir  Pwa)  naiiciy^  pb«»  -na^  n 
.nma  mun  ma^K  .nwn  mwn  ^apfj  DPBJ  pyiain  »^  PI  »Ds"p^ 
ttaitp  now  Tayi  ,n"^D  iiiD^KB'  ictr  «bn  ,p«  nrnj  sntrm 
ana  mwn  o^arij  «!>  n^N3  a^syx  ,^af>  p^ia11  p"«  Tai  in^x 
now  nr  bjn  .«|«?  D-'xtjn  orx  ,D"pb  pbw1  ('Ba  ''y^  t|«  fiJ«nB" 
TK  aion  D!?33  psia  ^apjy  irn  ,'iai  -nanm  a"N«  "12^  piw  p« 
•nyn  ipapa  T»OI  nra  DX  rpro  Npeu  a'a  nxn  .Q^yb  moiy  s-n  TN 
PT  ,ipspa  X-?  n>»  DK  bax  ,DB^ab  D'N&ri  DJ^KI  ,bca  K^DD  t« 
*»tn  nanoi)  D"aoin»  yoro  ja  .ibeab  pbia^  a'a  .ipapa  a'nx 

.(o*aa  p'y  ,p  pKi3  xb 

njpnm  ,anb  ^ms  ibap  n^yn  »BUN  ?a  DK  ^  /PK  nmj  Knrni 
Dyn  pn  .11333  noy  xb  nnx  3Ti   ,min!>  ro  ni^yb  noxa  n 


>*3»  ,D"3Kna 
nan  mio^  nnx  nbnp  mis  nbap  a"nN  pi  ,3*w  iina 

.Tyn  ^3  by  mntrnb  ps  'Kma  /'KpnytDK  3n3»3-»  31 
imoa  pKts>  inn  5na  "n1  aina'  TIV  wwpn 

an  ioa  inn  bnj  Npm  ^Dabxn  anst^  i 
0^31  inomtr  Tyn  <a«a  w  K^J  B"y  naioo^  sun  n 
T-yn  -aio  'T//  DB>H  px  Kpnyon  nya 
D'bapDni  ,'tDiyoi  ^iyoo  pi  ,Tyn  bao  bapn3  K?  3in 
ni3pn  nwyb  K?)  n'n  B'y  nninbi  n1?  PI  /ni3pn  nipyb  irow  mb3p 
DKS  fbxii^  nxiap  ?33  aruon  ^ 


14 
DK  i>3K 


nene  Kin  TK  v 
TK  ,Kpn  mKB    p'D  nup$5  nyrman  rnaio  ripap  .em  oa 
TM   /BKti'-nyK'Bian  pbna  p'D  NTOJ  K^>  OKI   ,-iBon  -leona  TK 


nr  ?a 
mn 

DN  /f)iy  IK  1T3  iK'a  KXD:  DN      NT 


x  oiir  cainK"  «      nj^Dono  pin   B"B> 
Board  of  Health   ru 
B>»  K'I«  bai  /no^n^n  n'ab  DK  '3  ,i 
D^pca  nifiiyn  n«  onw  D"DV  IK  DV 
pi  ,iDsya  oine^  NDS?  n?n  DW  }K3 
njpn  mryb  3Dio  «bn  /tam^n 
.nun  nnya  n«rn  rupnn  i^yj?  IDS 
wn  niirn  U»KB>  'D  bax  /nitrn  KWB>   nyK'tsias  xpm  n?  i»ai 

.^JDD  nisiy  npsb  nniioi  1^3  npma 
ira  nup!?  in^oB'  rvi  Kin  nbn    .ioxy  nan  nnio  mn  DJI 
ixon  nm  •nu'3  Kin  TK  p'o  ib  B'1   IK'KS  *a  /p'D  IP  B^B>  ^o  bvx 

npma  Kin  n^an  byr  ?niaiyn 


DK  nyai 

?"»IDK  yaoK^a  K^a  cjiyi  ,nn^D  ne>an  m  1  1  b  n  a  p  »  D 
^n  mo  iD'cb  UK  pmaiBi  ,K3pian  nja  131  naa  rrSi 

.D"DV  m  'yc'yB'D  mbap 

inaa  ^  DK  iipni>  I:K  panx  /D^n  ny  uxa  i^Kai 
.^K3  nnw  niB>yf>  it  nnoa 
t'an  nnr  nn  ;  ana  onoo  na!>na 
na  cjyn  ^psB  nntJ^  nnK^  ,na 


13 


Ni  pnpi  ^-ISID  -noyi  onciD  Nips  pi  rron  inr  ,nwo  ,nyns 
.(rb  D^-nj  ,jn  TOO  ntnsb  nsbn  pnp  Nbi  J-QTOI  ,p3<ro 
^3  nN  D"i?bi  nwyb  no^b  ,b'3iwbi  panb  mnoa  war  |omn 

.JDK—  .HDnxn  'i  mm 


yn  H»T  B^K>  133  ^nsns  ir«  nr 
nr  nn«i  ,nawnn  pyo  mbx^  ns  pa»  pyoni 
.1^3  pjyn  HK  at?  wya 


3»  ^3  ny^  ns    ,^'ninn  iwnD  ^v  'sb  n'ni  ,'jyjn 


H133  '3  pni  ^K  ,n<E1-|'K3  IK  HD3 

»3ob  onmn  U3?m  i-nan'  nr  nnxi  DOIV  UN  -nnbbi  mm 
'3:n  DJ  '3  ,^nat  ns  n«  K:   HDJN    'nncn    /DDIICCI  pra^o  31 
nrxs  ntyyn  nt33i  nsbn  nooa  manb  -NJDH  ujn11  *oi 
oy  n 


o^sr  KtrT  pD^-i3D  p^K^^iiKND  nn  ^ncKn  pton  IN  i*nm 

1'ryo  03  1H313  03  ViT  TNI  ^py  'T  H^H1   HWH  H3  ONI 

:'bnn  mi 

nisiy  byp    ,^-in   if-n    D3:non  '131  'an    3in  nan 
pon  OK  pibn  DIB>  p«i  ,vb3T  by  "]Q*QH  nvnb 
nw  •K^'nyroua  D'n3iD  mriynt?3  "|K  pr  inNb  IN  n 
by  p'on  nnpi  n'3rDn    NUS  nivuno   nts-non   innb  DJI 


12 

non  DT3i  /aiaybi  nivc}  nxr  nniv  anaatr  mmn  -a  nx  ,v 
•nvbnairK  D13'3  irtftr  S3-*  ncisn  •nebnn  nivcnns  o-aSn 
/nbm  «b  THK  n*x  nny  '3  ,PI'TB  nrr  Knb'rsD  p-y  ca  ,niD3') 

.(ICK:  ir.N  "VI313  n-^y  nai  HCSM 

mix  j^iipi  JVD  ttnn^J  *pB»a  niyne-n  jn  nw  wrr  D-jpnon  DJ    (a 
nt^D  rmnai  .T»obnn  nSap  ^ca  «in  IE'K  /ijniin  jno  JDT^ 
oniaan  an  DN    %a    ,?KiB"b  minn  run:   ntn  jn3^  nan  N"? 


.   nrn  K-nn>  prtt^n  DV    INIP»  non  DJ    (n 
minai  ,narn  DV  nxiK'Tp  irxo  mrp 


'pn        pi  o-ncn  mnpa  lanim  p    (n 
iiv  ntrxa  ,D^non  bir  marnn  DV  n«  wnpn  pi    d 


n  DJ  ^a  n^ainb  n  t<bn  rkx  bac 
m,     y3  pi  on   D'DsnrniKni  ,D3ivna  K^f  non  o^ 

,D3ixna  *nro  mm.  t6n 

mm  nbap  ?mmn  nbap  cr  HK  jinj  TID  /-yii  TIN  psi 
^ya  nnx  oyb  rrrm  ,iJso^  TIKI  u^n  K^n  IB'K  /ni^m  nnnsn 
nonm  D'Dmn  mm  :  anaaK'  nim)  e'ya^  mini  aro3B>  n^o  mm 
T^y  oni'  Dimn  ,|om    nnxc'  pr  bs  :  DIDNS    /THNI   nn«  ^sb 

cn  npD£5  p-yi  ,Ct3/xB  p'3 

B  p"3  'cb^n1  p'y)  jcm  nnxiy  JDD  ,n*3pnb  WIP  ib 
K?  -3  :  s'ysir  mini  CT  nmo)  jun  ,Dim  /IT.HD  nnn  ibn 
linn  ,('D  pea)  ns  bysir  o»-an  b»aif3  N^K  ,bnii"  ay  nna  p'apn 


cv  nx  ^  ,onj?iDn  ^3  rx  iSna   eyes  «a  cxi  ( 
:i*»c  x'"n  tpiei  ('inx  ' 


11 

rfo  unaitab  nsibm  miDJ  runoa  ub  nana?  KVIH  mp'n 
DK  'a  ran!))  ny-i?  «a?a  noan  Kan  'no  ?  uovpbi 
ia'nj  rrma'Mi  ,nbe>  own  »a-n  ,minn  <am 
.(*  DB>  iapnp  uoy  f p  n«  vn  wru«  D'anpc  nyt?  baa*  DV 
mrr  Mia*  b«nr»  OB'a  I^N  ba  "a  b^ya  n«na  b6  D«m 
fiw?na  awan  ba  nx  D^PDI  nurua  pnnen  PI  t6i  , 
nn  IDKCP  onnai  ^be'  D^NpHKin  D'jpnon  DJ  ^ 
n«  bba  iyT  «bi  im«  ixip1  sb  'a  ^  /u  ainan  ba  nx 
^a  ,non  D^niobn  omm  IK  ,oxcn  nn»b  n»n  DJ  la  awan 
'nbaoi  ,iiobnn  mwi  *B  ?y  paa  wnan*  ,Dnyn  ^n^ao  SJK  non  DJ 
D'pnnb  Dnnrr  ?ain  «?  i^npn  n^obna  IB>K  nwnpn  nmoon 
on?  noi^  I!W>B«  D^a  my  msnpn!?  DJisnaB'  pi  ba  ,wnB>  ba  «JK 

:  nbsn  ninixa  nann 

minn  IPS  pm^n  nx  Tnnb  irr  «b  D^pnon  D'jann  ba   (K 
•no*  n^itb  p«  onynb  D>  DK  /ij^y  mo«  niobnaB'  na 

•na^nan 

nbya  nor  nfnb  iTnm  .ono  DHHK  iboa  D:DK  nvbnn  nx   (a 
nion    na>K  n«  n^nn  K^>  ba»  ,nvbn  «5a   <^nb  n^a  «ba 


DinoDaon  S«y  (DiBooS  1868)  j'snn  nat^a    :myn  (* 
'^nn  IB'K  Dnann  non  D'aan  :not»^  pmm  iyoi»nano 
n»Danmm  :  nina  ir\vb  SKIB"  DJ?  pSnn:  nx^m  anao  p  ncipno  '3 
i  rmy  niina  Von  o«:ain  TM  lay  nt  Sy— ?jnunaoai  injio«3  nan  maiiri 
nan  D'aai  nan  nnj?  n«jrn — .a^ipo  nnan  vn  x?i  »nananno  ,ma 
nnyn  o  naw1?  i3^>  nVorn    aaa1?  rntya  pea  nS    oaox  lanax    ?"?*an 
noa  noK?  ij?a»j    o  im  nn'myii   Dn'mcprn  'B1?  «a  ,«itr  nyuw  yatrn"? 
1^3  ojrn  nyn   DJ?  nnawno  nneptrni    nnj?n  DK  ,K»n  i:nS«»  San  ii 
nt'8  w«tp»  jvatr  rnoiKn  n  nynS  onaano  ts"n   rvnnH  mSoa  IM 
namnnn  by  n«  naron  Sa)    ?mnvo  nnab  nia  msna  owonpn  Jinaao  mbnp 
niana)  main  n»  MX«  wS  rnanaa  D'aan  lyatitr  yatsao  natron  Sa  ,(a'p  p'a) 
f  .'n  J'BJI)  ntaa  n"?im  HIST  JIBM  o»aan  iyat:tpyaaea  natron  Sa  ,'a 
(vnn^n  ]«>y)  ixannS  imtrpa  i»Ka  SyDDsS  naxams  nayo  n»n  m  o 
oanm    /omBna  'cannnina  o»nia^n  DHin«  an  ^>NiB>»n  ayn 
n»aan  " 


10 

mm//  nnn 


,Di^ni  nnnnn  mm  /minn  ns  bapb  ab  D<eo  K? 
n'a  ^31  oni^B^D  ^K-IB"  nx  D'pnb   onan  nnx  t 
,nanK  ;iabn  ns  KSTJ  xb  OKI  /nn«  yam  nn«  a^n  rrnj 
a  n  W^T  oyi  ,3-np  pr  n^K«y  n-nn 


.(T'3 


ns  ip  nan  man  D>iy  K  wy  "inn 
nan  ,irby  nnn  i'n  be*  &6  n«  ynv 
nn::  IK  TNI  /my  njN^Dj  K^I  UDD  ram  fiiyn  mmm  , 

.nnnK  n^uno  n*y  im  n^o  ub  «aj  ja 
,nrn  enipn  annb  ixnp  n^s  os?n  Kin  wnan  nn»«  i>y  nyni 
nmy  minn  ^a  /nny  DJ  U3  n^  nra  nvm  ^amin  jno 

»iB3  inn  my  ,nui>ap  my  onto 
m  /aoio  minn  n«  i^apn  DK  ;  moiNi  nna»  bip-nan 

;namiap  xnn  nr  njn  ,^b  DNI  /baipoi  jpino  n^t?  oyS 
ba  'a  (*  oamiap  n^nn  niann  mown  pa  n  v  DK  '3  ,»J^D  in  nnn 
D'BBrom  D'pnn  n^K  :  na  IONJ  -\VK  minn  nx  ibapn  K^  p? 
i^ianni  mynn  TK  Ci'a  Nip^i)  bxnB"  pai  wa  'T  tnj  ir«  nmnm 
,'nexn  inna  n^pi  noxy  'jsa  ny  nvno  ii>nnni  o^oyn  pa 

J   DB>  liy  13P 

oy  ,nan^  bstr  ,n3i«  *M  ^K  DK 
m  DN  »3   ,Ki»^  mm  ummi  ,^KIB"   DJ>  ub  mp»  «b  vn  r 

.B>N  btf  jnjo  :b'r 

nyn  Kan  ^no  !>aK   /minn  n^^n^  DV  nx  wba 
n^iaon  n«  bap:  'no  ?minn  nbap  DV  n«  DJ 


vn 


nK  ba«  .yn  *IK  D'pnnb  bain  Kb  nybaoi  ,nnnKn 
ubap  «b  my  tot  baai  ny  baa  ,njB>  baa  ub  njnun  ,nKtn  minn 
pa  Kb  rpcya  IN  nna  K^on  DIB  my  ,nksbm  1:00  njmy  /nniK 
pa  Kbi  enpn  nmay  naiy  pa  Kb  onBion  pa 


""no  ?nisSsnpp  n^n^  -"no  ?unK:n^  ijnaio    ub  jnjK>  tfv 
nysri  nyt^  baai  ,DVI  ov  baa  ^a  nyn  ua^a  noan 
mmaa  n«nn  pyn  <a  ,o<Dyn  pa  bbiannb  ;  o  B>  napnf)  uvp  ns  vn 
yoK  »am  baa  irn^Ssioi  «cy  sja  «n  bx 
nwrn  pixa  D^ajnji  anbijn  a'Dann-n«n  ":a 
tr!»ip*i»nn  ,DsJpnon    ^a   DJI   .    .  D-wun   on^njoai 
myi  ,nioiyn  by  ia  nano  naa  pianty  ,'naun   onoy  by  noy1  nb 
annb  noK»  .nbn  pi  nbxa  ennn  inn  ^ai  ,nonp  «IK^  IQ'DV 
/enn  pjaa  ,e>nno  nba    nnuab  IK  /nbawn  min»   nao  nx  jpnbi 
ninani  nubson  vn  njainn  nai  .  .  .  rnn  DK'a  DJ  ^bixi 
naa  nc'K  pin  f|t3»(  xia*1  n»«K  ny   ,nnNO  nnx  nmenni 
—  n^bc'n  DS  ,jrban  o^b  1'n  oba  nx  SIIBB^I  bNiB"  ^B^K  niaan 
»*  i^pa  b^n^  i^pn'i  nnsn^  xb^  JDI  5a  'a 
pr  ba  ttnvnxa^  nipn  ba  vn  ib  p«  /no'pi  nsn  nnx 
oai    /nb  nnyi^  ps   TK  D^OP   onnab  ni-iisi  nvviBD  . 
^bab  Dab  bs  n«r  KJ  ID-B'<I  ibn»   nnn«n   D^ 

•mnon  n«  bnjnbi  pan  nK  a^nnnb  ,piQnni  nnicnn 
;apy^  no  «b  iiyi  "ub  bKiK"  n'n  nyo  nay  naa  D-obKb  D^» 
iaa  D'bau  D"by  D'aSK  ^ebx  ,;D?n  6jae>  5)13^  iaa  MOD  niaan 
Kin  o^oya  oneK//  fD'trn  p^ny  ^KIK"  pyo  prn  nn 
n  apy^  n-nKt?  /naban  nnsen  /bxitr'1  njno» 
,nnii»n  n^ayni  nmiv  nK  nn:^  tsyoa  K^n  Da  D'lan  pa 
bnan  Kb  mm  ,nvKi  by  DD>3no  my  "bKi^i  na> 
Kin  nj^o  ppi  ,oyn  btJ'inb  pbns?  ^JDD  ?no 


8 

K"-I)  inaica  jrvoi  sen:  MH  ,Ti3n  nan^a  patnb  nnN  pen 
Dibs?  epm  Dibs?  aniK  sintr  »D  (B'D  DB>)  IOK  obia  bin  .(K*B 
n  vm  nin  obiyn  "n  ie>niB  rvapn  mbe>  a^oi  D^be>  on  pen 
.("-nxa  D^anx  DyNibtfn  nnmn  bai  /t<3" 
loan*  nn  pn  n^K  minn  N\T  nsr  njn 
ny   ,pe6i  noix  n^b  nun    min 
nao  ^''on-'baa  ID%^I  o^oyn  inpb  nnoi  / 
pioy'i  na  pnn'i  ,a'a  no^p*  ,^K"i^n  nniK  bap1  ^N  DN  nxrn 
mnan  ba  ^yya  a-am  ains  n^nM  ,mym  onn  ornry  B'bnn  TK  na 

.^xy  '^ya  DJ  noi 

nan  pioa  by  :  b'rn  I-ION  bNtB'11  mm?  mr  K^ne'  r'y  by  cm 
K'n  ja  'a  rC^'yi  KBO  'D  neo)  *MI  D^IBN  D'avy  ^an  ,D^B>  ^b 
,rvnnN  by  now  mb^'m  ,nnnxn  rnin  N^nr  wmw  nio 


DDK—  ^KiB^tr  JDTS  :nSK  ^"mnoKD  i"y  mSe-n  na  ^nj  nosi  (* 
.(n"'B  o'Bcitr  KOinan)  ;na  nyaw     n  ma  ]'K  t* 
/o«3SJ  Noiwn)  nnx  mu«  ohs  5»n»»  ny  I 

.(^nipina  KIBD)  0^3 
,(j«spiy  qio")  oiSc-n  K'JK  ^Knw^  nsna  pnna  ^a  n'apn  KSD 

K*»  ni3Q    ,J*3   H21D    ,KDp   I^IH  .n*D 

,K'»»n  nmn  eip^'  ,2*12  «PDB  Ntra  «IED 

ixnpn    ,ieDKn  tainan  laK^  nr  ('a  na»a)  a;5j?»  CJIDKN  CIIDK  ;a'e 
oaS  lain  »3«  K'JK  ,jnn  m»  »na'»«   jrm»  »:a'Kir  IB  ty    qn  (tD"a 
tDibv  n»nia'na  Sri  cyw  »a*n  noin  —  i^Kja  oni* 
1'yoia  IK  'iai  cnsaa  ixs'ir  nj?wa  "rMiB"1?  mm  jn^  n'opn  wp»a   .(' 
Sa  nn  'iai  nn«  •TIWN'?  nVia  ntwn  'a»oS  iKa»3i  'iai  nanaa  joirn  na»iaa 

.("i*pn  tan  nrv 
naanaa  n«m  iiB'n  onaa  Saw  <nxn  nw 


.(n'e  niny)  cite  nitrpS 
naie  »S  pmn  y"»ai  ,n"apn  «3eS  Smc"  noaa  max  :iaxsa  pSi  (* 

.(J*a  ninjB)  o^ipa 


mm  *?     tt  IN  /miyr     mm>  top'i  ,B*VI 
nxi  ,a'oj;n  $3  'ry^mrai  moan  son  ^a^tne"  iNBrv  mmn 
»rj£  nsana  mmn  nsra^is  DXI  ?ntJN  133 
nT3  oxn  ,inyi  n«  K"N  0^301  nT3  m  D*inno 

TU  nxi  laniin  i>^  oyijn  »a*n  n«  ^a  ^^ 
'33  'JD^>  ntro  DK'  I^N  minn—  nxr  N^»  nt<T 
Tnon  Di^a  r'3inN  ^3  :  n"3pn  onf)  now 
~r  DH33D  vnr-n  ,nr  nsnr  D^HIN  vnnK»  oao  ^p3 
in^N)  (nu*e6o  nx^  «Si  nnan  nxn-)  .nro  nr  D^KT  vnm  »nr  nx 

.(n*3   N3T 

6  KSK*  ian  ^sf>  p  nen»D  jptn  ^n  MX^JI 
r  HBnTD  TJTKI  (^nstr)  "i^ayn  N$>7p3nb  ^D  fj^yn.  :IDNI 
D3  'n  n3n«  i>y  nanon  *i3i  nsnxi  :amam^BDa^  fna  piojn 
D'or  DE*  Nn'E'  .  n  3  n  N  i   nemi  ,injr6  K»^N  DINH 
minn  i>y  mp^3  ni3nK3i  /VEJ  NDV  DB^N  t^y) 
,nv»an  oy  nm3  ipoy  «n^  :  (n"3B)  K'tmi 
•'n  mm  no^  *D  ne>K  a'a 
novnnoa  pann  nox  *n  npan^  nantt^  :o'aman  $>y  pi 
nmo)  a»o»n?  aaioi  pan  /0"bp  nsr)  'iai  Dim  nns  CIK  Dim  sin 
pn  TJ'y3  n'iT  nann  nwon  D 


133  nm  /SxiB^o  H3n»nS  mm  mmy  IDIN  pytsir  ••)  (* 
inon  »aiSe  »<«  .n»no  tjiSo  WK  IDIK   'ai'iss  B"K  K'JK  ?  IJ?IT  »BO 
.ntn  \\vha  n»bp  niwa  DJI  (apy  tsipS')  nna  nan  i«so>  M1?!  -Kotso 
n  mo  miog  nana  «3  /o'omS  Tnno  Ss  PH  ^en^nKi  (** 
iK"B  KBIT  N»i)  an«n  bs  nt«  naso  nn  TIOKI—  ,in  ^3  Sy  f)K  it3«nn^  ;mn  ^S 
»3  1OK7  ^sm  H1?  qiD3  m«  «in»  iy  >3  ,taj?o  pi  T^'ya  rvn'  nain  ma»on  DM 
'Sao  ib  a'D'nSi  nas^maa  notf  ny  ^  Sa  ip<  m«n  mas  ,'ino  inn  iS  ma^tan 
KWW  »in  Tian  nanKa  pannS   nnx  pen  DK  |3h  ,]3  nitry^  anno  ^3^  nS 
noa  iJianni  jnni  K»n  ott  '3  inSisup  no  nvynv  na1?  w^  ,inaioa 


6 

/niomnai  D<a  ,pxai  onse^a  ,nnnx  pnat  npn  ,n*nnn  nx  e-sn  "2 
nox  pnaxii>iXE>  DJI  ona  n::rxi  onoynjrx  'a  r^ncin  uy  D$»n 
nypia  noa  nyi  .man  K$>  orrry  bax  nyop  nx  wot?  D;txa  ^x  'a 


D'p'mon  pa  own—  ?«*n  pM  minn 


n«  ix*j:n  HDB'  &n  ?o^pnon  pa  DKH—  ?  nw?'  N  03  D'oyQi  /na 
omini  non  na'K  D'yyiDDni—  ^Kitr  mm  K^  >aN  ,D'oyn  ^>a  ni^in 
minn  nxr  'a  ,nio^nn  mm  K^I  anaatr  nvo  nrnni6  i*?«»n  no 
pa  n::^«  niaa^n  nx  yjam  mryn  n«  K"i>nn  icn 

—  !ai>  npn  o^inj  fune 
:  iDiKi  i»vyi»  noa  njia  nnx  b  ,D^pnom 
pian  nx  pi—  anrn  i>jy  nxi  ,neniD^  nro 
nvo^ai>  i>ax  ovny*  mix^  iK'np'1  mw—  py  nxic$>  pn:n 
.ai>  iD'B"  x^  b  /injj  mow  ^n  "IK'X  mmae>  ni«o^  »na^ 
nnx  px  nnvo»3B3i  ncxya^  ,nnr  ppa  nana  nempn  minn 
no  'a  ,ni»  i?x  DB>  r-x  pxi  / 
D  »  o  y  n  pai  wa  «f>i  ,  h  x  n  r  *  pai  wa  ' 
nx  pyop*  n^x  ,D'oyn  ^ryf>  Danrai  oanean  x\n  v,  :n'y  u 

"lai  nrn  i>njn  ian  paai  nan  oy  pn 
D3'JD$>  tnmajx  nsrx  nxrn  niinn^aa  D'pnY  D^DBBTSI  o-pin  ii> 
/nrrm  ni>r3  ,na33  ^>y  mnron  rvDio'jn  mn  oxn  ,C'T  Q^an)  ovn 
rixra  m   .nnynxnoa  px  D'oyn  JO^D  nxxi>n  ?nxnn-nnn  x-n 


.-iB>a  »a  n*n»m  >uon  X3  rx  .minn  njn:  ont:  ,oen  pxn 
ix  nytj>  '*n  D^a^aon  nscn  ,ni)a  minn  ion  nxr  ^a  ix 


noi  D'yttoan  nn  nc»M  o  /n:Kso:  «S  nnia  minn  nn  wcnj  am  ( 


.nn« 


rnnito  nnao  rmiy  topn  nai  /"u^y  n^ini  MB2  iniy  nnni  /minn 
^poi  |pino  oyi>  vnn  TK  "2010  n-nnn  nx  tapD  DN»  :  nny  DJ  U^N 
ttSi  *D2mi2p  Tin  D^ain  a^oyn  pa  DK>*  i&6  DKI 
*  ^>  K  n  v  '  m  //   DK   S3  ,  i>  K  -i  B>  -1  D  y  D3>  my 
OOP  iTnn  K?I  ,^n  ns  D^DDI  D'aiitrn  K>N  £a> 
rQ'D  ^2  o^pnn^  nvnb  ^a11  ij:^  anne'  0^2  '2  ,D"^n  pa  ncipn 
no  *3BD.    (-J  r*y)  .mm  ^2  n«pnn^  r\vrb  5KnB>*  r>i3^  P'tf  p 
—  /-i^»  "i  ^KJT—  "?n-62p  N!?  nom  -nmi  ni(S22  taiB^  min 
DJ  pnt)3p<  mo  no  'JBIDI  ,DI^  n-'nn-'nj  bi  oyij  ^a-n  n>a-n  N 
D"KDi  ,^Nne^n  oyn  B>KI>  ^>y»»  ^iSni  ^sa  miy  inn  ^a  CJK  ?nny 

ocr  rn  ii»  n^n1  K^I  D^DVH  pa  ^nrv  ,i2p<i  iiy  "3  .v^y 

(*  n6  nr  Dnytra  on  pryK'  ••:£»/   :2^'i 


ny  DK  ^2  ,C'^  nnB>)  KEHTB  ITJO  ^n  nyi  ^^>  n?2  minn  x^n  ns 
'.o  ^jtrn  pTrr  inxn  21?^  "itj>K  nx  /m  ny  nr  D^noi  D^VJ  ,non 
.(^•o^B'rrmyru  b  x!?n  minni  .inyn  *?)&  nnxn 

poyn  TIN  "a  EHB^  ^"T  <*en  i:ni» 
min2  D"pDiy 

pry  nD2  4nnn  ^B  piy  no2 
p  QN  m-inni  ,nyn  myi  ,ijnsiD  -ja  pry 


rn  ,Dn^D^2  DJ  n^x  >L?2  wannni  IK-I  IIVN  ^rm 
TI^N  *a  ,  on  pry  hxww  /rninn  n^n3  """inK  HJB*  D^B^N  ^ra 
mmm  ,^>a  n-nna  D'poiy  DJ-N  nx  yj2'  ^N  ai>m  niryn 


mn  nv»2  nr    > 
2  riNji  nNJB>  ^ttsi  ni22f>n  nx  inton 


DK  o  ,na  nan'  naS   'BIB  wm  Sy  irsS  K"?  '3  pa«  ^o»o  'wi  ( 
.(a*a  n'3j?n)  umn'o  IK  unvon  IK 

( 


$>na  Sianai  ,a  a  n  a  o  orn  ,a  n *  m  r6o  tna'  pi 
na  nan  /B>K  ^  m  an^  jn^  i^n  B"i&o  :  IPITB  <ai>  -inn'  *pK  mi 

—  ?  anao 

vniarjn  nx  panSi  mn  10 won  nnoo 
n  i  y  1 2  v  n  j  n  w^  pnpn  inn  ^B>  IDB>  i> 

^  /nnnxn  D^nn^aoinan  njitj> 
Jnn  minn  nena  n^K3  »Bni 
ana  ns5nBB>  ioa  IK  .DnxooDnKxa 
'a  ,^a  minn  n  nena  N^  nrn  ana  i>3K  '^KiB'1  ^3  ns 

.minn  nana  mtf  ^3^3 
,nrn  ann  DJ?  nvnf»  ^a  nw  s^  "unnin  jno  JCT,/  »a  n»T  nun 
n-pmrn  minn  a»appi  np^  IO^D  janv  '•>  IDX  :  ^*rn  nan  »afc  *a 
p  DKI  ('a  r*y)  /m^api  ^K-I^  ^VN  Nag'  iy  nui^ni  niown  ^3  hy 
nnx  "n  n  a » n  a*  ^y  K>I  "minn  ni>ap,,  by  Kin  ann 
im  !?y  an  ami?  ^a  pn^  N^  pi  /nioiKn  ^>3^> 
minn  nx  bKi^  i^3p  &6  ^a  moK  oovya  ^'mi 
(.ma  na»)  (D  nnoK)  ,'iai  oninvi  i^api  io»p 
in  an^y  naa  :  loxion  ovy  ^y  Kin  inv  ny  Kfjann^  B^B>  noi 
fBamiap  .Tnn  BB>  IK^  BKI  »3oi»  minn  nx  i^3pn  DN  /iai 
nap^  minn  n«  if'ap1  «S  DNS?  ,mn  noKon  i>ya  jva  BKI  (n*D 

?  DB>  inoi  ,aamiap  nMn  n  &  IK^  BKI  :  IOK^  i^  .Tn  nnn  nnn 
oy  13^  nisiao  nnain  an  nrn  iDNDn  nan  /jrn  <nK  aaox 
nx  laSap  N^  my  nny  ly  aa  <a  (*  /la^asij  IB>K  nx  piann^  , 


nna  «^i  nun  ^'m  *bn  ?m^nn  riKiaSap  noxa  o«n  ,»3  juana  ( 
minn  ruvu  'in«  nat?  n'DS«3  nnnan  n«  nan  noni  /nioixa  |ny 
pern  »'y  pn  o  .nSapnai  niow  na»N  minn  o  ,nnsa  nny  OH  13  mn 
K^    na'ja  mina  PT  poiyn  Sy  DJII  /(V't  «"Bn  nans)  n«an  a^n  raa 
t"«  t'y)  ,mSM  i1?  PK»  ios  nan  Kin  »s  V'm  now 

»  n^nj^  nan  n"ojai  nnina 


pt 


mm  nana  no  '»o  ,VKO  »am  n^oro  «an  :  Knoaa  janes 

.(rb  onan)  io^»  m  PK  unro  n»Kje>  »p  pry?  ^ 
on{»  prb  Mn  pita  ,ID$>  m  e>«  wnyo  ,tayeB"  nan  'an  «an 
mm  nan:  K$>  xtaW  ,B>K  i^«  ^  onvn  nom  sa^K  /I^K  ^  nn 
p  pyoB'  'n  noxn  w«n  ,frp»3  nwy^  n^w  nna  i>3 

(.n'a  nva)  ,131  mows  ^N-IE^  "121  jn  pry  nvbv  ; 
na  ^poyn^  mm  or6  njnii  onye'ia  *T?y  jw*  :  ntr  wirn 
onyj?  ,ii>K  ^  DJHJD  /ii>K  ^  "Drrrn//  nai»  nyjao'i  ona  ntrno  irm 
mm  nanj  no  ^DD  (*  :  'aenn  no*»N  ntn  nioKDn  ,wen  a*y 
oy  nr«  ^ne6  few  ninn  K^n  ,nK5s3  nf»K^  HNT  r«n 
/in  rnw  »»o  C**  ?  n^oatyDi  D^pin  ,mm  N^a  D^pnn^  nvr6 
:  wan  ->a  Knx  "i  :  nnnaai  ,mm  oni>  njna  K!>  nny  *a  \rray 
•IDDI  mm  'worn  nt?on  «^»K  Dni»  jru  N^>  ^ntf"  won 
nro  yoKTs  (ao  onna)  »oya  an  noan  ana  »a  n»t«e>  :  na^a  yenn 
»a  ,nvD  nnm  nama^  K^  D'amsm  cwaan  na^na^  pn  ona 


iaan)  "jnyena  pry  \nv,  :  ipwsa  T  ^*»n  p^n^  nr  no  paa  Dai 
i>y  "Dnyrna.  ntan  n«  n»mnb  /mao  no  wr  o^n 
ijnx  oa!>  nyjao)  ona  nB'no  nnmnr  iBnve  nx  oai  ,i 
D  a  n  a  D  ,I!»K  ^  D  n  »  n  n  ;  en'D)  nn«  nte  *i'mn 
moKDD  !]Qn.n  inn  ,e>«  ^  oni  jn  pry  D^anaon  ^n  /jn  pryt?'  ii>K  f>e> 
nny  ia  B^^  DnK  ba  :  i»^n  non  :  •?  n-'aynai  /f>«yDE>»  'n  »an  $>e» 
ns  y»aa»  nnma  poyn  pn  nan  ,wn»B  'si>  p  OKI  ,y^n  munp^  nnio 

'pi>  nnmn  ^  novp  Kf>i  ,ai>n 


04  omoSna   to*vn  Saa  nnta  n^K»  mnaa  n«n  m«n»  (* 
n^n  rwn  nntn   nV«»n  Sy  nK^en  nSna  DX  c^im  (** 
mm  onS  runa  nS  ,pTj?  vn  «S  nSoSit  »a  yowoi  ,jn  pryt?  UBD  IDKOHD 


ni? 


imp 

3W 

*?& 

'*n 

IP 

V 

24 

13 

D3H 

D3H5? 

21 

16 

uyaiv 

«V3t3^ 

23 

17 

"C'K 

VM 

7 

18 

<m 

m 

24 

21 

r»*« 

TOK 

14 

22 

mn 

ttl 

13 

27 

v^ 

-IIP 

21 

30 

he 

He 

3 

40 

»nr 

torn 

20 

41 

swallowed 

swelled 

3 

42 

distant 

dietand 

18 

46 

IB 

na 

24 

46 

deserves 

dearve 

21 

47 

may 

my 

3 

50 

internal 

internal 

22 

50 

rod*stroke 

stroke  rod 

24 

51 

leads 

lead 

22 

54 

loses 

losses 

17 

56 

Remove  parentheses 

13 

57 

yjo 

30 

21 

61 

-IDIWP 

•to» 

5 

63 

I  will  give 

I  will  —  and 

5 

72 

were  not  for 

were  for 

11 

13 

sm 

3<n 

13 

72 

2   mmo 

3  nimo 

3 

74 

pin 


na  i>n:i  n»a  naT   ,niyi3t?n  jr6  nsm—  urnin  jno  JOT   .1 

.nnnxm 

HTD  inxb  nabna  nawn—  onann  mbm  marr   .2 


nni  nr   T  sa  iaa  omyjn  ya  :wn   nenn—  na»K   .3 


nanon  nxi^  131  /rana^  nip1  nja  jax  nn^nb  nu'^n—  rua  p«    .4 
nya  nmiyn  n(>np  ^3  >a  ^D^yon^i  D^iynf)  ^vun  arnn  nx 
n^ai  nny:i   onyj^  mm  iiobn  n^a  p  DJ  no11!?  i*ana  no^n 

nsnp 


/n^an  nennpa  nanon  nan^  ia—  n'an  nawn   .5 
nax!)»  ^y 


pasa   mawn   hu  ^y   nan1  ia—  y^yp-po  'tjnan  by  nson    .6 


nor 

imf>y  ova-Button  "ixn^yno  ajyTtyiEnb  anac    .7 
e6  py  Hiii  njHDn  DI^  avn  Hia  by  nan11  DJ?    .riiK'^jn 

•TNI  nov^  yin  pB'b  yiro  ••a*    .yin 
.V^rp-po  DN'^II  nifn  JIBW  poinan  niJN    .8 
•nnonoio  nan  ,noam  yio  no«    naox   ,9 


pn  mnp   /nem  IC?N  niunn  o^om  nixo 
nx  ^nj"vi  nso  ip11  icxya  IDNDH  ^a  maya   ''Text1' 
inn  ^o^rm»i  sbaa  o^tnioi 
pyonb  an  nbym  x^a^  nenin 


*nEnpn 


'ja  by  innba>b  'n  'Jiry  n^K  "a^n  ntryo//  naoa  jnaaa 
nain  pa  nvnb  'j&rans?  no  ,niby:nnn  ba  ns  Kiipn  •oab  'nn:  ,pn 
.n^nan  pa  nioy«  '3  'aax  VDI  -any  i»  nx  -nyr^"  Dan  ,ian 
a^aiKan  D'aanno  miynn  ••amio  n«  oa  •'noann  b'jn  nao  nnsa 
*3  -INTI  on^yy  nxnio!)  n^n  IJTS  nao  by  Dnoaon  ns  wna  IK-K 

.n  nana 

ain  bsyni  n«sinn  b*n  nx  nynb  ••nnaij  ntrsa  nny  IK 
«  "i^pb  THD:!  jab  /pim  mnni  anp  noann  I^K  nay 
onpnyn  ay  ,jorn  nnb  nwm  ni^ni  nr«  pi  'nmoi  /^nsnb 
pi  ••nnpb  nmnaa   'ns  -IB>N   •'toy  na  nn'oi  /n^33N 

DsJDTa—  nwyj  ni^nn  »mD*  arrby  I 
^ja  IST  DHD  'a  .njnon  nat^b  D^npnyni  ,3"Nn  mo  ^a  by  HD 
nbyjn  nixn  nx  ,b'm  nma  pavn  ain  aitan  nx  ira^i  /Bnnn  inn 
D^  nx  nixbioiDn  main  'o^raen  /n»ji»npn  irnm  no«a  wan 
niatra  bsiir11  n'JN  nav  ia  IWK  trnpni  bnan  D^n  nr  ,bnan 
Dst3pbo  aniyjn  >ja^  nnni  ia  ub  rye'  -iiobnn  nr  ,naj^j  iai 
nny  nx1  ,onnan  by  ia:yn<ii  onnx  nntr'a  Dsoan  ^DI 
D.TrnaN  J?vn  'a  iTa^i  iyiM  D^bibn  na  ia  INVD"I  ub^  niaa 
,D»o»n  ^B'D  by  j»ra  o*onp  on'map^m  nn-'nina 
11  no  eibxo  ins  Ty  njnpan  nr  latryo  n*1  by  DNI  .ana  naiai 
naai»  inx  DK  fDnb^ooa  nabbi  b"T  irpan  ns  naabi  anxb  nniyjn 
mn  ninnn  iaoa  IB>K  ^icbnae'  nbyan  niKon  ns*  nyib  '•n^  by  "try1 
•nobno  nnoK»n  ^ntspbi—  ,natj>  nr  n\ni  »K>nnn  inn  ^ab  u^iKa 
—  ,niJ3in  ninaoaK'  nyni  nosn  noKDi  inn  emo  ^obwiT  ,^baa 
by  »nnnro  mtynn  -6  w  bon  D'itDK»n  ba  by  ^a  SJK^ 
IK—  ,nnDB>3B>  nn^asb  o^an  b^  on^niab  aipb  ,nn»ni 
,iba  ni^nnn  nny  D'ainb  baix  xb  nanon  oiann  nsvin 
li  atr  '.-p  .-'xniai  nxvb  mixi  icuion  by^nas  ntai  /toyioa 

.Dbiy  nyi  nny» 

a  xaiB>  D^n  moDni  epbon 


n^yo  nao 


1DD 


ntj>yD  IQD 

31 


122  , 


-piv  **   wnp  nnnN  mem 

npnyn  DJ>  D^I  A"tn  no«o  naini  nyn 


^ *_  ... _ .-  .: _ ^_  ,..-.-.: _  .,_  . 


1BD 


isy  n<^^^?  niinn  ncit:  "i^ 


npnyn 


, 


£ 


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A    000058820     2 


